This is the class notes for the students who try to be an Biomedical Engineer as proffession in kerala.It well suited for them to understad the subject and easily pass the subject
MODULE 1: HOSPITAL ORGANIZATION, ARCHITECTURE&ELECTRICAL POWER
SUPPLY SYSTEMS
1.1BIO-ENGINEERING
A bioengineer is a specialist in the field of engineering who applies the principles of
engineering and biology to solve problems related to medical devices, drugs, and
diagnostics.
1.2 BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
A biomedical engineer is a professional who combines engineering principles and medical
sciences to design and develop equipment, software, and devices that assist in diagnosing,
monitoring, and treating human diseases and disabilities.
1.3 CLINICAL ENGINEERING
Clinical engineering is a sub-discipline of biomedical engineering that focuses on the
optimization of medical technology to improve patient care.
1.4 HOSPITAL ENGINEERING
Hospital engineering is a specialized field of study that focuses on the design, construction,
operation and maintenance of healthcare facilities. In other words, it comprises the set of
principles and practices applied to hospitals and other healthcare organizations to optimize
the use of resources and enhance the quality of patient care.
2. DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF BIO MEDICAL ENGINEER
Biomedical engineering is a crucial field in the healthcare industry, and biomedical engineers
play a significant role in ensuring quality patient care. Here are some possible duties and
responsibilities of biomedical engineers in a hospital:
1. Design and develop medical equipment: Biomedical engineers design and develop
medical devices that are used in hospitals to diagnose, monitor, and treat patients.
2. Install and maintain medical equipment: Biomedical engineers are responsible for
installing, testing, and maintaining medical equipment to ensure it is functioning correctly.
3. Make recommendations for equipment purchases: Biomedical engineers research new
medical technologies and recommend purchases based on the hospital's needs and budget.
4. Collaborate with medical professionals: Biomedical engineers work closely with medical
professionals, such as doctors, nurses, and technicians to understand their needs and
develop solutions to improve patient care.
, 5. Monitor and evaluate medical equipment performance: Biomedical engineers monitor
and evaluate the performance of medical equipment to identify any issues and ensure it is
performing optimally.
6. Conduct research and development activities: Biomedical engineers conduct research and
development activities to create new medical devices and improve existing ones.
7. Ensure regulatory compliance: Biomedical engineers ensure medical equipment is
compliant with regulatory requirements by maintaining appropriate documentation and
following standard operating procedures.
8. Train hospital staff: Biomedical engineers train hospital staff on the use and maintenance
of medical equipment.
3. HOSPITAL ORGANIZATION CHART
GOVERNING BOARD
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
MEDICAL FINANCE AND HUMAN INFORMATION FACILITIES AND
SERVICES BUDGETING RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS
.Nursing service .Collect .Change .Booking .Safety and
revenue management security
.Therapeutic .Ordering
.Pay bills .Staffing .House keeping
.Hospital services .Acquisition
.Diagnostic .Overview .Performance Functionality of
financial management, .Tracking
infrastructure
.Physical records appraisal payment
restorative .Transportation
services .Reward .Report and ambulance
,A hospital organization chart is a hierarchical diagram that shows the structure of a
hospital's administrative and clinical teams. It outlines the various departments, job titles,
and their relationships with one another.
The chart typically starts with the board of directors at the top, followed by the CEO or
president who oversees the day-to-day operations of the hospital. The next layer includes
the department heads, such as the chief nursing officer, chief financial officer, and chief
medical officer.
Under each department head, there can be several divisions, such as nursing, finance, and
medical services. Within each division, there may be further sub-departments, such as
emergency medicine, pediatrics, and radiology.
The chart also shows the different levels of responsibility within the hospital staff, such as
nurses, physicians, administrative assistants, and support staff. Each position has a specific
role and responsibilities that contribute to the overall operation of the hospital.
Governing Board
The governing board of a hospital is a group of individuals responsible for overseeing the
operations and management of the hospital. The board is made up of community members,
healthcare professionals, and other stakeholders who represent the interests of the hospital
and the community it serves.
The main responsibilities of the governing board include ensuring that the hospital is
providing high-quality healthcare services, making strategic decisions to improve operations
and services, and overseeing the financial management of the hospital.
The board typically sets policies and guidelines relating to the management of the hospital,
including personnel policies, financial policies, and policies relating to patient care. The
board also hires and evaluates the performance of the hospital's CEO or executive director.
In addition, the governing board may work with other stakeholders in the community, such
as elected officials, physicians, and other healthcare providers, to promote the hospital and
ensure that it meets the needs of the community it serves.
Chief Executive Officer
CEO of a hospital plays a crucial role in the organization's direction and decision-making.
They oversee the daily operations of the hospital, manage the budget, and make sure staff
and patients are satisfied and well cared for. CEO's are also responsible for strategic
planning, developing partnerships with other healthcare providers, and ensuring the
hospital complies with regulations and maintains high standards of care. Ultimately, the CEO
plays an essential role in improving patient outcomes and delivering quality healthcare
services to the community. The CEO of a hospital is the senior executive responsible for the
, overall management and operation of the hospital. The CEO oversees various departments
and services in a hospital, including:
1. Medical Services: The CEO supervises the medical staff, including physicians, surgeons,
nurses, and other healthcare providers, to ensure the delivery of high-quality medical care
to patients.
2. Finance and Budgeting: The CEO develops and manages the hospital's budget, financial
reporting, and fundraising activities to ensure financial stability and strategic growth.
3. Human Resources: The CEO oversees the recruitment, development, and retention of
hospital staff, including physicians, nurses, administrators, and other employees.
4. Information Technology: The CEO leads the adoption and management of IT systems,
including electronic health records, telemedicine, and other technologies that enhance
patient care and communication.
5. Facilities and Operations: The CEO ensures the safe and efficient operation of hospital
facilities, including equipment maintenance, environmental services, and emergency
preparedness.
6. Quality Improvement: The CEO establishes policies and procedures to ensure compliance
with regulatory requirements and industry best practices for patient safety and clinical
outcomes.
7. Community Engagement: The CEO engages with the local community to enhance the
hospital's reputation, promote healthcare awareness, and attract new patients and donors.
4. ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING OF HOSPITAL
The architecture and planning of a hospital require careful consideration of several factors
such as patient care, medical technology, safety, and functionality. A well-planned hospital
should optimize space utilization, ensure the smooth flow of patients, doctors, and staff,
maintain privacy, and provide easy access to facilities and equipment.
Here are some of the critical aspects to consider when designing and planning a hospital:
1. Location: The hospital location should be accessible, convenient, and well-connected with
transport links. It should be located in an area that is not significantly affected by
environmental factors such as floods or earthquakes.
2. Hospital Layout: The hospital building's layout should be functional, logical, and easy to
navigate. The size and number of rooms, the placement of departments, and the layout of
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