Campaigning and Citizenship: Women in Britain and its Empire from 1800 to 1950
(University of Wolverhampton)
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4GK005 Campaigning and Citizenship. Dr Penny Welch.
Historical context and notions of citizenship
Definitions:
Citizenship - a citizen is a full member of a state, with individual legal
rights and the right to participate in politics
Subordination - a group is subordinated when it is treated as inferior to
another group, has less power, fewer rights and fewer opportunities
Condition - the way in which people live - particularly their economic and
social situation
Role - what a group in society are expected to do
Position - the status, power, condition and role of one group compared to
another
Generalizations about the 19th century
At beginning of 1800s, only small minority of population of Britain and
Empire had citizenship rights - in Britain, right to vote extended to m/c
men in towns 1832, w/c men in towns who were householders in 1867, w/c
men in rural areas who were householders in 1884.
As British direct rule over colonies extended during 1800s, everyone
considered to be 'subjects' of the British Crown.
Britain in the 1830s
- Key themes
- Industrialisation
- Colonialism
- Political reform
5 Key Dates
1. 1828 Lord William Bentinck became Governor General of India
2. 1832 Great Reform Act
3. 1833 Factory Act
4. 1834 Poor Law Amendment Act
5. 1834 Abolition of slavery in British colonies
Industrialisation
The period under scrutiny within this module can be described as the initial stage
of 'industrial capitalism'. This emerged out of rapid change and progress we now
call the industrial revolution. This had significant impact upon people’s lives not
only in the way in which they earned their living, but also socially, politically and
economically.
- Between 1750 and 1850 the economy of the UK changed in four particular
ways:
1. from an economy based on agriculture to one based on manufacturing
industry
2. from predominance of small scale merchants/manufacturers/farmers to
predominance of large scale ones
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