NURS 120 Final Exam Study Guide- West Coast University
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Course
MED SURG 101
Institution
MED SURG 101
NURS 120 Final Exam Study Guide- West Coast University/NURS 120 Final Exam Study Guide- West Coast University/NURS 120 Final Exam Study Guide- West Coast University/NURS 120 Final Exam Study Guide- West Coast University/NURS 120 Final Exam Study Guide- West Coast University/NURS 120 Final Exam Stud...
How does hypovolemic anemia occur?
Abnormally low circulating blood volume due to blood loss. It can occur as a
result of surgery or trauma.
Nursing Interventions:
Control bleeding
Treat shock → O2 elevate lower extremities, keep warm
Replace fluid → blood transfusion, plasma, dextran, NS (normal saline) or LR
(lactated ringer’s)
Monitor vital signs
Put patient in a Trendelenburg position when they are going into shock
o Modified Trendelenburg would be to lay them down on the floor and lift
their legs up
Groups at risk for iron deficiency anemia:
Premenopausal and pregnant women
Lower-class socioeconomic background
Older adults & individuals experiencing chronic blood loss
Nursing Interventions:
Check occult blood
Ferrous sulfate 900 mg daily
Oral or injection (Z track)
Take with OJ for better absorption
Monitor the stool if it’s black normal side effect
, Diet high in iron
Oxygen-sparing activity
*FERROUS SULFATE TABLETS SHOULD BE TAKEN BETWEEN MEALS TO HELP
ABSORB THE MEDICATION MORE EFFICIENTLY!!
Which foods are high in iron?
Beans & lentils
Tofu
Dark leafy greens
Cashew
Whole-grain and enriched breads
Lean beef
Oysters
Chicken
Turkey
*VITAMIN C ENHANCES THE BODY’S ABSORPTION OF IRON !!
Pernicious anemia manifestations:
Extreme weakness
Dyspnea
Fever
Hypoxia
Fatigue
Weight loss
Jaundice
Pallor
GI complaints
Dysphagia
Sore, burning tongue smooth & erythematous
Neurological symptoms
o Tingling of the hands and feet
o Disorientation
o Personality changes, behavior problems
o Partial or total paralysis
What is pernicious anemia?
Absence of the intrinsic factor it is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12
(cyanobalmin)
What is the Schilling’s Test?
It is done to determine whether a person is able to absorb Vitamin B12 from the
GI tract. If the radioactive B12 injection is not absorbed, then the patient is given
the diagnosis of pernicious anemia.
, Nursing Interventions for Pernicious Anemia:
Vitamin B12 1,000 units IM
o Daily for 1 week weekly for 1 month monthly for life
Folic acid supplement
Iron replacement
RBC transfusion
Diet high in protein, vitamins, and minerals
O2 increase it so every “normal” cell carries O2 to supply organs & tissues.
Rest
Increased fluid intake !!!
Analgesics
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