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Summary Gender Dysphoria - Explained and Evaluated

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Gender Dysphoria - Explained and Evaluated for A-level psychology (AQA exam board). Clearly structured and highlighted. - contact me directly for discounted prices!!!

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Document information

  • July 23, 2023
  • 2
  • 2022/2023
  • Summary

Subjects

  • psychology
  • psychology
  • gender
  • gender
  • gender dysphoria
  • gender dysphoria
  • dysphoria
  • dysphoria
  • cognitive
  • cognitive
  • psychological
  • psychological
  • biological
  • biological
  • explanations
  • explanation
  • approached
  • appr

Written for

  • A/AS Level
  • AQA
  • Psychology
  • Gender
All documents for this subject (75)

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Available practice questions

Factors affecting EWT: Misleading Information

Flashcards 32 Flashcards
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Flashcards 32 Flashcards
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Some examples from this set of practice questions

1.

Who conducted the experiment testing the effects of leading information?

Answer: Loftus + Palmer

2.

What stimulus did they use?

Answer: A standard video of a car crash

3.

How were the ppts arranged?

Answer: The ppts were meant to watch a video of a car crash and then meant to answer questions about the accident

4.

What changed in the critical question?

Answer: The verb used to describe the contract the cars had

5.

What changed in the critical question?

Answer: The verb used to describe the contract the cars had

6.

What did the critical question ask the ppts to do?

Answer: To describe how fast the car was going when the accident occurred

7.

The critical question used which 5 verbs?

Answer: Contact, bumped, hit, collided, smashed

8.

How were the findings calculated?

Answer: The mean speeds for each verb were calculated

9.

What was the mean speed for contacted?

Answer: 31.8 mph

10.

What was the mean speed estimate for \"smashed\"?

Answer: 40.5mph

Content preview

Lesson 9 Gender- Atypical gender development
(Gender Dysphoria)
Gender dysphoria- characterized by the strong, persistent feelings of identifications with the
opposite gender
- Hylen’s study (A01 +A03)

o Genetic predisposition (vulnerability)
o Suggestions of candidate gene
o Diathesis stress model (Suggesting that it is a combination of nature and nurture)
o Twin studies showed – 39% concordance rates in monozygotic twins in 63 pairs
o 0% concordance rates in dizygotic twins in 21 pairs
o Considering that MZ twins share 100% of their DNA and the concordance rate is only
39% suggests a level of interactionism
o Also limited by the small sample size of the DZ twins

- Structures of the Brain

o Dimorphic- parts of the brain that are different in males and females
o The Bed of nucleus of the stria terminalis are 40% in males and has far more neurons
than females (and are fully developed at the age of 5)
o Evidence supporting that people have gender dysphoria have the brain structures
which corresponds with the gender they identify with (Post mortem studies)
o For example – Studies by Ning Zhou showed that a biological male that transitioned
to female had a similar brain structure and neuron count as a woman

- Evaluati on – A03

Point- Brain sex theory has been criticised

Evidence- Mulshoff Pol et al suggested that the differences seen in the transexuals may actually be
due to the hormonal therapy they undergo as a part of their transition

Explanation- this means that the brain structures are not a cause of the gender dysphoria and
instead the differences in brain structures are only correlated with gender reassignment

Link- therefore, the biological explanation of atypical gender development is flawed



- Socially sensiti ve

o Psychologist should be cautious with the language they use when discussing this
o Should also consider whether the patient would benefit from a diagnosis – ‘relief’ vs
‘illness’/ ‘disorders’
o Drummond et al -> 25 girls which expressed gender dysphoria in childhood, aged 24
only 3 continued to express gender dysphoria
o This highlights the social sensitivity of this topic as it may suggest that many
transexuals are merely in a ‘phase’ or will grow out of it.

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