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NR 507: Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm 2023 /167 Questions And Answers (A+)
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NR 507: AdvancedPathophysiology Midterm 2023
/167 Questions And Answers (A+)
Quiz :Asthma - √Answer :Chronic disease due to
bronchoconstriction and an excessive inflammatory response
in the bronchioles
Quiz :What are 5 s/s of asthma - √Answer :coughing
wheezing
shortness of breath
rapid breathing
chest tightness
Quiz :Pathophysiology of asthma (5) - √Answer :-airway
inflammation, bronchial hyper-reactivity and smooth muscle
spasm
-excess mucus production and accumulation
-hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle
-airflow obstruction
-decreased alveolar ventilation
Quiz :Bronchioles - √Answer :smaller passageways that
originate from the bronchi that become the alveoli
Quiz :3 layers of the bronchioles - √Answer :innermost layer
middle layer - lamina propria
outermost layer
Quiz :lamina propria - √Answer :the middle layer of the
bronchioles
Quiz :structure of the lamina propria - √Answer :embedded with
connective tissue cells and immune cells
,Quiz :purpose of the lamina propria - √Answer :white blood
cells are present to help protect the airways
Quiz :How does the lamina propria effect the lungs in regards
to asthma - √Answer :the WBCs protective feature goes into
overdrive causing an inflammatory response that damages
host tissue
Quiz :What does the innermost layer of the bronchioles contain
- √Answer :columnar epithelial ells and mucus producing goblet
cells
Quiz :What does the outermost layer of the bronchioles contain
- √Answer :smooth muscle cells
Quiz :what does the outermost layer of the bronchioles do -
√Answer :control the airways ability to constrict and dilate
Quiz :alveolar hyperinflation - √Answer :When air is unable to
move out of the alveolar like it should due to bronchial walls
collapsing around possible mucus plug thus trapping air inside
Quiz :how does hyperinflation occur? - √Answer :the ongoing
inflammatory process of asthma produces mucus and pus plug
that the bronchial walls collapse around
Quiz :Effect of hyperinflation of the alveolar - √Answer :-
expanded thorax and hypercapnia (retention of CO2)
- respiratory acidosis
Quiz :What are two anticholinergic drugs used for asthma -
√Answer :tiotropium and ipratropium
Quiz :What do anticholinergics do in the lungs? -
√Answer :These drugs block the effects of the parasympathetic
nervous system
- increasing bronchodilation
, Quiz :MOA of anticholinergic drugs for asthma - √Answer :the
parasympathetic system is stimulated by the vagal nerve to
release acetylcholine which binds to the cholinergic receptors
of the respiratory tract to cause bronchial constriction =
decreased airflow
- blocking the cholinergic receptors prevents acetylcholine
binding preventing the bronchial constriction
Quiz :bronchitis - √Answer :inflammation of the bronchial tubes
Quiz :3 characteristics of bronchitis - √Answer :bronchial
inflammation
hypersecretion of mucus
chronic productive cough for at least 3 consecutive months for
at least 2 successive years
Quiz :Perfusion - √Answer :The supply of oxygen to and
removal of wastes from the cells and tissues of the body as a
result of the flow of blood through the capillaries.
Quiz :results of chronic bronchitis/ low perfusion -
√Answer :cyanosis
right to left shunting
chronic hypoxemia
Quiz :Why is there cyanosis with chronic bronchitis -
√Answer :there is hypoxia due to unfavorable conditions for
gas exchange
Quiz :Right to left shunting - √Answer :when blood passes from
the right ventricle through the lungs and to the left ventricle
without perfusion
Quiz :Causes of bronchitis - √Answer :-long term exposure to
environmental irritants
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