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Pharmacology NR 293 Exam 1 2023 /75 Questions And Answers (A+)
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Pharmacology NR 293 Exam 12023 /75 Questions And Answers
(A+)
Quiz :Pharmacotherapeutics - √Answer :is the use of
medications to prevent illnesses or as an intervention to treat
diseases.
Quiz :Pharmacokinetics - √Answer :what the body does to a
medication and entails four very important processes:
absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of the drug
Quiz :Pharmacodynamics - √Answer :explores what the drug
does to the body.
Quiz :The nursing process - √Answer :evidence-based
framework that is used to guide professional nursing practice.
The nursing process consists of five steps: assessment,
nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.
Critical decision making underscores the nursing process in
action. The nurse collects both subjective and objective
information in utilizing the steps of the nursing process. The
nurse addresses the multifaceted concerns of the patient,
including physiological, psychological, spiritual, cultural, and
socioeconomic needs.
Quiz :Drug interactions - √Answer :can occur at any time.
The reasons that clients may experience drug interactions
include
polypharmacy: the simultaneous use multiple drugs;
patient's lack of knowledge of medication instructions; and
interactions that may occur when taking over-the-counter and
herbal supplements.
Quiz :Strategies to Prevent Drug Interactions - √Answer :The
patient should understand the reason for taking the medication,
,instructions for how to take the medication, and how long he or
she should take the medication.
Encourage the patient to keep a current list of medications and
bring it to each physician appointment.
Educate the patient about interactions with food and other
medications that may increase or decrease efficacy.
Support the patient in asking his or her healthcare provider and
pharmacist to verify his or her medication list, and if
supplements or herbal therapies interact.
Have the patient return to demonstrate patient teaching
regarding how to take the medications.
Designate friends or family members to assist patients with
medication administration when the patient has vision or
memory problems.
Incorporate the use of a pillbox, calendar, or storage containers
with labels to assist with organizing medications.
Discard old or expired medications.
Quiz :Pharmacological responses - √Answer :the physiological
reactions that occur within the body. These medication-body
reactions may be therapeutic or toxic.
Quiz :Administration Routes - √Answer :There are two general
types of drug administration routes—enteral (via the GI tract)
and parenteral (by injection).
Common routes include oral (PO), intravenous (IV),
intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SQ).
Quiz :intravenous (IV) - √Answer :Advantages:
Complete absorption
100% bioavailability
Precise control of dosing
Quick dilution of irritating drugs
Disadvantages:
Irreversible administration
Drug concentration, formulation, and rate of injection sensitivity
, Risks of overloading body fluid volume, infection, and
embolism
Quiz :intramuscular (IM) - √Answer :Advantages:
The use of poorly water-soluble drugs
The use for depot drug formulation (e.g., Penicillin G)
Disadvantages:
Discomfort and inconvenience
Local tissue injury caused by chronic administration
Risk of nerve damage because of improper injection
Moderate to low bioavailability
Quiz :subcutaneous (SQ) - √Answer :Advantages:
The use of poorly water-soluble drugs
The use for depot drug formulation
Disadvantages:
Discomfort and inconvenience
Local tissue injury caused by chronic administration
Risk of nerve damage because of improper injection
Moderate to low bioavailability
Quiz :oral (PO) - √Answer :Advantages:
Convenient and inexpensive
Higher safety of administration
Disadvantages:
Variability of drug absorption and difficulty of drug
concentration control
Inactivation of certain drugs because of acidic environment of
the stomach (e.g., Penicillin G) and/or the liver "first-pass"
effect (nitroglycerin)
Patients consciousness requirement
Local irritation of the GI tract to cause vomiting and nausea
Quiz :transdermal - √Answer :Advantages:
Good control of drug release (e.g., nitroglycerin and
contraceptive hormones)
Convenient to use (e.g., patch and ointment)
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