EDF 3110 EXAM 2 (with Error-free Answers 100%)

1. In general, how does the brain develop in early childhood? Look at powerpoint slides 2, 4 for ideas. correct answers -rapid growth of the prefrontal cortex -hemispheres continue to lateralize -left hemisphere especially active (language skills/handedness) -links among cerebellum, reticular formation, hippocampus, and corpus callosum increase 2. What do the growth hormone and the thyroid-stimulating hormone do? correct answers GH: Necessary for all body tissue development (except CNS and genitals) TSH: allows thyroid gland to produce thyroxine which is necessary for brain development and helps GH have its full impact on body size 3. What happens in early childhood in terms of gross motor development? correct answers -balance improves -gait smooth and rhythmic by age 2 -upper and lower body skills combine into more refined actions by age 5 -greater speed and endurance 4. What are the leading causes of mortality for early childhood? correct answers infectious disease, malnutrition, childhood injury 5. Make-believe play- What did Piaget think? How do researchers now view make believe play? What are some of the benefits? correct answers -Preoperational stage(2-7) -result of gains in mental representation -with age make believe play detaches from real-life conditions, becomes less self-centered and more complex -sociodramatic play develops -benefits: contributes to cognitive and social skills & strengthens mental abilities (sustained attn, memory, lang and literacy, creativity, regulation of emotion, perspective taking) 6. Piaget characterized early childhood as the ______ stage. What are some of the concepts children are learning in this stage? (Think- what is the ILLOGICAL thinking?) correct answers -Preoperational -make-believe play -symbol-real-world relations (dual representation) -egocentrism -animistic thinking -lack conservation (centration and irreversibility) -lack hierarchical classification egocentrism correct answers failure to distinguish others' viewpoints from one's own animistic thinking correct answers belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities conservation correct answers understanding that physical characteristics remain the same when appearance changes