Organizational Behavior 6th Edition McShane Test Bank

Organizational Behavior 6th Edition McShane Test Bank. Individual Behavior, Personality, and Values True / False Questions 1. According to the MARS model of individual behavior and performance, employee performance will remain high even if one of the four factors is low in a given situation. True False 2. The MARS model identifies the four main factors that influence individual behavior: motivation, ability, role perceptions, and situational factors. True False 3. Motivation is an external force on the person that causes him/her to engage in specific behaviors. True False 4. Intensity refers to the fact that motivation is goal-directed, not random. True False 5. The forces within a person affect the employee's motivation. True False 6. Aptitudes are natural talents that help individuals to learn specific tasks more quickly and perform them better than other people. True False 7. Learned capabilities refer to the skills and knowledge that one has actually acquired. True False 8. Competencies refer to the complete set of situational factors that contribute to job performance. True False 9. Motivation, ability, and role perceptions are clustered outside the MARS model as they are external to the individual. True False 10 . Role perceptions are the extent to which people understand the job duties assigned to them. True False 11 . Situational factors are working conditions within the employee's control. True False 12 . Task performance refers to goal-directed behaviors under the individual's control that support organizational objectives. True False 13 . Organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) include various forms of cooperation and helpfulness to others that support the organization's social and psychological context. True False 14 . An employee creates unnecessary conflicts with his coworkers at his workplace. This is an example of organizational citizenship behavior. True False 15 . Personality is a relatively stable pattern of behaviors and internal states that explains a person's behavioral tendencies. True False 16 . Personality traits are more evident in situations where an individual's behavior is subject to social norms and reward systems. True False 17 . Personality is completely determined by heredity. True False 18 . The "Big Five" personality dimensions represent five clusters that represent most personality traits. True False 19 . Phoebe, a manager at a firm, was conventional, resistant to change, and unimaginative. This implies that Phoebe possessed openness to experience. True False 20 . Conscientiousness refers to the extent that people are sensitive, flexible, creative, and curious. True False 21 . People with a high score on the neuroticism personality dimension tend to be more relaxed, secure, and calm. True False 22 . Agreeableness, extraversion, and conscientiousness are three of the "Big Five" personality dimensions. True False 23 . Sensing, feeling, and judging are three of the "Big Five" personality traits. True False 24 . Conscientiousness is one of the best personality traits for predicting job performance in most job groups. True False 25 . Extraverts are people who are quiet, cautious, and less interactive with others. True False 26 . According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, some people are "sensing-thinking" types whereas others may be "intuitive-feeling" types. True False 27 . The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator measures the personality traits described by Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung. True False 28 . People with a perceiving orientation are less flexible and effective in their functioning. True False 29 . Values are stable, evaluative beliefs about what is important in a variety of situations. True False 30 . People arrange values into a hierarchy of preferences, called a value system. True False Full file at 31 . One dimension of Schwartz's Values Circumplex has openness to change at one extreme and conservation at the other extreme. True False 32 . Our habitual behavior tends to be consistent with our values, but our everyday conscious decisions and actions apply our values much less consistently. True False 33 . Espoused values represent the values that are apparent in our actions. True False 34 . Person-organization values congruence occurs when a person's values are similar to the organization's dominant values. True False 35 . The ideal situation in organizations is to have employees whose values are perfectly congruent with the organization's values. True False 36 . Utilitarianism suggests that we should choose the option that provides the highest degree of satisfaction to those affected. True False 37 . Distributive justice is sometimes known as a consequential principle because it focuses on the consequences of our actions, not on how we achieve those consequences. True False 38 . One problem with applying the individual rights principle of ethical decision making is that one individual right may conflict with another. True False Full file at 39 . The distributive justice principle of ethical decision making advocates the principle that benefits should be distributed among people irrespective of their abilities and similarities. True False 40 . Ethical sensitivity is the degree to which an issue demands the application of ethical principles. True False 41 . Individualism and collectivism are mutually exclusive values found in certain countries and places. True False 42 . In terms of cross-cultural values, people in the United States tend to have relatively high individualism, middle to high achievement orientation, and medium to low power distance. True False 43 . People with high power distance expect relatively equal power sharing. True False 44 . People with high achievement orientation tend to value assertiveness, competitiveness, and materialism. True False 45 . One limitation with information about cross-cultural values is that it incorrectly assumes that everyone within a specific country holds similar values. True False Multiple Choice Questions Full file at 46 . Which of the following directly influences an employee's voluntary behavior and performance? A. Role perceptions B. Moral intensity C. Corporate social responsibility D. Uncertainty avoidance E. Incom e 47 . Which of the following identifies the four factors that directly influence individual behavior and performance? A. Utilitarianis m B. MARS model C. Schwartz's model D. Holland's model E. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Full file at 48 . Which of the following are external to the individual but still affect his/her behavior and performance?