CNOR EXAM 2023 WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS

What are the three elements of the fire triangle? What are the most common surgical sites of pt fires? What is the most common source that contributes to 90% of OR fires? -oxidizer, ignition source, fuel -chest, neck, face, head -Electrosurgical units FIRE TRIANGLE: Name IGNITION sources in the OR Name FUEL sources in the OR Name OXIDIZERS in the OR what is the most common fuel source in the OR? -Electrosurgical units, drills, heated probes, lasers, electrocautery devices, fiberoptic cords -alcohol-based prep, Collodion, drapes, ET tubes, gowns -Oxygen, Nitrous Oxide -drapes AIRWAY FIRE: what should you remove from the patient? (2) stop the flow of? what do you pour down the airway? What is the 1st line of defense to put out an OR fire? -ET tube, drapes/flammable supplies -all medical gases -saline -noncombustible/nonflammable solutions from back table or smothering technique MINIMIZING SURGICAL FIRES: What should you place in the pt's throat for procedures involving the mouth/face/airway and why? What should you inflate the ET tube cuff with and why? -saline moistened lap, to assist with decreasing/preventing O2 leaks from tube -tinted saline solution, the liquid helps increase the temp required to rupture the cuff, the color helps visualize a rupture SURGERY IN THE AIRWAY/CHEST AREA: To prevent fire, what should you coat the pt's head/facial hair with? What should you use between the surgical site and O2 source? What should anes suction be used to evacuate? -water soluble gel -Ioban incise drape -accumulated anes gas SURGICAL FIRES: What type of fire extinguishers are recommended for OR use?(2) Should you use fire blankets in the OR?-why?(4) When using open source O2, how should the drapes be placed over the head? -Water mist and Carbon dioxide -no, they can trap the fire next to/under the pt, they can dislodge instruments, they can cause wound contamination, they can spread the fire -in a way that allows for O2 to flow freely/prevent accumulation under the drape SURGICAL FIRES: What gases are present in the bowel? How should you create an incision in the bowel or trachea? What prevention technique should you use for surgeries near the rectum? What should you use to administer supplemental O2 in pt's that need O2 greater than 30%? When is an environment considered oxygen rich? -methane, hydrogen -with a scalpel rather than monopolar cautery -cover or pack the rectum with a wet lap -laryngeal mask airway or ET tube -if the O2 concentration is greater than 21% by volume