Exam 2: PRN1032/ PRN 1032 (2023/2024 Newly Updated) Client-Centered Care I Exam Review | Complete Guide Questions and Verified Answers| Rasmussen

Exam 2: PRN1032/ PRN 1032 (2023/2024 Newly Updated) Client-Centered Care I Exam Review | Complete Guide Questions and Verified Answers| Rasmussen 1. Foods containing vitamin A  Answer: Liver, eggs, fish, milk, carrots, sweet potato, pumpkin, and spinach 2. Vitamin K deficiency symptoms  Answer: Bleeding tendencies, poor bone growth 3. Vitamin K deficiency diseases  Answer: Hemorrhagic disease, defective blood clotting 4. Vitamin K special considerations  Answer: Do not take with blood thinner medications (warfarin) 5. Vitamin K benefits  Answer: Blood clotting, blood calcium regulation, and bone development 6. Who is susceptible to vitamin K deficiency?  Answer: People with severe malabsorption disorders such as Crohn's disease or who receive chronic treatment with antibiotics 7. Vitamin K foods  Answer: Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, liver, and leafy greens. 8. Vitamin D deficiency diseases  Answer: rickets and growth retardation in children and osteomalacia in adults 9. vitamin D foods  Answer: egg yolk, fatty fish, liver, sunlight 10. Vitamin D deficiency symptoms  Answer: Frequent illness, fatigue, bone pain, impaired wound healing, bone loss, hair loss, muscle pain 11. Vitamin D benefits  Answer: strengthens and helps form bones and teeth via calcium and phosphorus. Helps with immune function, neuromuscular function, cell function (proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis) 12. Critical function of vitamin D  Answer: Cell homeostasis 13. Phosphorus benefits  Answer: Used in all cell function - more than any other mineral  Bone and tooth formation  Energy metabolism  Acid base balance 14. Phosphorus deficiency  Answer: Rare - weakness, loss of appetite, fatigue, pain, and bone loss over time.  The only evidence of deficiency is in people who consume large amounts of antacids consistently that contain aluminum hydroxide. 15. Phosphorus foods  Answer: Fish, poultry, eggs, leafy greens, avocado, oats, legumes 16. Hyponatremia symptoms and definition  Answer: Low sodium  Most common electrolyte imbalance  Central nervous system and neuromuscular changes resulting from failure of swollen cells to transmit electrical impulses  Fatigue, lethargy, headache, mental confusion, altered level of consciousness, anxiety, coma, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps, seizures, decreased sensation, decreased blood pressure (BP) 17. Hyponatremia causes  Answer: Inadequate sodium intake, as in patients on low-sodium diets  Excessive intake or retention of water (kidney failure and heart failure)  Loss of bile, which is rich in sodium, as a result of fistulas, drainage, gastrointestinal surgery, nausea and vomiting, and suction  Loss of sodium through burn wounds  Administration of intravenous (IV) fluids that do not contain electrolytes 18. Hyponatremia nursing interventions  Answer: Restrict water intake as ordered for patients with congestive heart failure, kidney failure, and inadequate antidiuretic hormone production.  Liberalize a low-sodium diet.  Closely monitor patient receiving IV solutions to correct hyponatremia.  Replace water loss with fluids containing sodium. 19. Hypernatremia definition and symptoms  Answer: High sodium  Dry mucous membranes, taut skin turgor, intense thirst, flushed skin, oliguria, possibly elevated temperature  Weakness, lethargy, irritability, twitching, seizures, coma, intracranial bleeding  Low-grade fever 20. Hypernatremia causes  Answer: High-sodium diet, inadequate water intake as in a comatose, mentally confused, or debilitated patient  Excessive sweating, diarrhea, failure of kidney to reabsorb water from urine  Administration of high-protein, hyperosmotic tube feedings and osmotic diuretics  Water loss from fever, respiratory infection, or watery diarrhea