WGU: Critical Thinking | 132 Questions and Answers(A+ Solution guide)

To Think Critically - Analyze Assess Reconstruct Characteristics of Critical Thinking - Self-directed Self-disciplined Self-monitored Self-corrective Egocentrism - the tendency to view everything in relationship to oneself Sociocentrism - the assumption that one's own social group is inherently superior to all others A well-cultivated thinker: - Raises vital questions Gathers and assesses relevant information Reaches well-reasoned conclusions and solutions Thinks open-mindedly Communicates effectively with others First Order Thinking - Ordinary Thinking Spontaneous and non-reflective Contains insight, prejudice, good and bad reasoning Indiscriminately combined Second Order Thinking - Critical Thinking First-order thinking that is consciously realized (i.e. analyzed, assessed and reconstructed)Weak-sense Critical Thinking - Ignore the flaws in their own thinking Often seek to win an argument through intellectual trickery or deceit Lacks key higher-level skills and values of critical thinking Makes no good faith effort to consider alternative viewpoints Lacks fair-mindedness Employ lower-level rhetorical skills (making unreasonable thinking appear reasonable, and reasonable thinking appear unreasonable) Employ emotionalism and intellectual trickery Hide or distort evidence Strong-sense Critical Thinking - Strong-sense critical thinking is defined by a consistent pursuit or what is intellectually fair and just. Strive to be ethical Strive to empathize with others' viewpoints Will entertain arguments with which they do not agree Change their views when confronted with superior reasoning Employ their thinking reasonably rather than manipulatively Strong-sense critical thinking requires fair-mindedness combined with learning basic critical thinking skills. Consider all thinking by the same standards Expect good reasoning from supporters as well as opponents Apply the same critical criteria to our own logic as to others' reasoning Recognize the actual strengths and weaknesses of any reasoning we assess Weak-Sense Summarized - Weak-sense critical thinkers ignore the flaws in their own thinking and often seek to win an argument through intellectual trickery or deceit