Lecture notes: Exploring Learning - Pavlov, Watson, Thorndike and Skinner
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Course
Exploring Learning (ED1BTL)
Institution
University Of Reading (UoR)
What is the timeline of Pavlov, Watson, Thorndike, and Skinner. What is Pavlov's dogs experiment. What is Pavlov flow chat. Examples of unconditioned stimulus, unconditioned response, neutral stimulus, no conditioned response, conditioned stimulus, and conditioned response. What is Watson's Little ...
Ivan pavlov: born in 1849 in Russia
Edward thorndike: born in 1874 in USA
John B. Watson: born in 1878 in USA
Burhus F. Skinner: born in 1994 in USA
SLIDE 8: PAVLOV’S DOGS EXPERIMENT (PAVLOV, 1897)
Unconditioned stimulus (food) produced unconditioned response (salivation)\
Conditioned stimulus (bell) produced conditioned response (salivation)
Learning by association = classical conditioning
SLIDE 10:
Classical conditioning isn’t specifically relevant to learning & teaching, BUT it
provided a starting point for behaviourism
|_> theoretical perspective on learning
SLIDE 11:
Unconditioned stimulus Outdoor play, games and toys
Unconditioned response Excited! Happy!
Neutral stimulus Attending mathematics lessons
No conditioned response Neither excited/happy nor bored/sad
Conditioned stimulus Learning mathematics through outdoor play, games and
toys
Conditioned response Excited! Happy! Looking forward to mathematics
learning!
SLIDE 13: WATSON’S LITTLE ALBERT EXPERIMENT
Showed albert things he liked (white rat)
Then showed him rat alongside loud noise
Albert associated loud noise with the rat & cried when he saw rat
Conditioning albert to experience fear at sight of rat
SLIDE 14: WATSON
“…take anyone at random & train him to be a doctor, lawyer…regardless of his talents” –
WATSON, 1924
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