Lecture notes: Society and social justice - Social class
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Course
Society and Social Justice (ED1BSJ)
Institution
University Of Reading (UoR)
What is social class. Why is birth important in social class. What are the concepts of social class. How does the government label social class. How to measure social class. What are the indicators of social class. How to identify a class. Who is Karl Marx. Who is Friedrich Engels. What did they bo...
SLIDE 3: IMPORTANCE OF BIRTH
o Life chances determined by:
When & where you were born & to whom you were born
o What is determined by birth:
Biological
Social
o Different chances/resources/opportunities:
Reproduction of status
Rags -> riches
SLIDE 4: WHAT IS SOCIAL CLASS
class =
o Social construct
o Contested concept
o Conceptualised & measure in variety of ways
o Concepts of social class?
|_> terminology/language
o Measuring social class?
|_> gov, school, uni
o Useful for explaining inequality?
o Does it transcend national boarders
o Does it exist?
SLIDE 5 & 6: WHAT IS SOCIAL CLASS?
Concepts of social class
{ income? Wealth? Occupation?
Terminology:
o u/c, m/c, w/c
o manual/non manual
o white collar/blue collar
o rich/poor
o advantaged/disadvantaged
o high/low socio-economic status
o posh/chav
GOV terminology:
o working people
o hard working families
o disadvantaged
, o poor
o social exclusion
o left behind
o levelling up
measuring social class:
o Government
o ONS – occupation
o Poverty – income, absolute/relative
o School
o Free school meals (income & benefits), pupil premium
o University
o FSM
o Geographical data
o Parental income
SLIDE 8: INDICATORS OF SOCIAL CLASS
How does social class shape who you are?
] where you live, who you know, opportunities, schooling
Identifying with a class
Be able to ‘read’ social class?
} type of look, accent
SLIDE 10: US & THEM
o First time meeting, we know instantly if we’re alike OR different
o Evaluation of if we’re similar OR different = implied assumption about similar OR
different values
o Mix with who you’re similar & comfortable with
} Reflect broader assumptions about different social groups
SLIDE 11: KARL MARX & FRIEDRICH ENGELS
o Based on conflict
o Owner (bourgeoisie) = ruling class
o Waged workers (proletariat) = working class
o Economic system (infrastructure) influences non-economic institutions
(superstructure – e.g. ed, family, religion).
|_> leads individuals to accept inequalities of capitalism
LIMITATIONS:
o Focus on working class revolution
o What about free/forced labour?
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