Class notes

C++ Coding Basics Using Microcontrollers

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Course
BEng Engineering (ELE00032C)

Institution
The University Of York (UOY)

Clean and clear revised lecture notes for programming in C++ using a microcontroller. Includes many syntax examples. Perfect for those who are new to coding or C++. Useful for engineering projects that may require basic coding knowledge. Sections include: Introduction to Key Terms, Loops, Classes a...

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Uploaded on August 1, 2023
Number of pages 13
Written in 2022/2023
Type Class notes
Professor(s) Andy pomfret
Contains Programming for microcontrollers

coding
microcontrollers
nucleoboard
engineering
beginnerfriendlycoding
c

Institution
The University of York (UOY)
Education Unknown
Course
BEng Engineering (ELE00032C)

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Introduction:
Expressions - anything that has a value

A literal - an expression whose value is known before the program runs. 8 is a literal, it has value 8. X
would not be a literal as its value has not been declared

Float - can represent decimal values

A variable - a labelled storage box for a value. Every variable has a type (what type of data it stores)
4 types of main data.
 Integral types - holds integers, available in signed or unsigned. Signed can hold negative
numbers.
o Char - 8bits
o Short - 16 bits
o Int - 16 or 32 bits (32 on mbed)
o Long - 32 or 64 bits (32 on mbed)
o Long long - 64 bits
 Floating points - can hold decimal values
 Compound types

Assignment - changing the value of a variable

Conditional Execution:

Changes the programs behaviour depending on user input, sensor readings, time of day…

For example

If (x > 4) {
// do something
}

Curly brackets enclose multiple
statements

Conditions in C++:

0 can mean false
Any other value can mean true

If (!x) = will be true if x == 0

Loops:
Loops allow branching backwards in your code.

Count controlled loops - executes a certain number of times
Condition controlled loops - executes while a condition is true

Entry controller loops

, Exit controlled loops

Count controlled loop: (for loop)
 Used to print numbers 1-10
 Or flash an led 5 times

Condition controlled loop: (while loop)
 Running a motor until a switch is pressed
 Reading a sensor until its value changes
 Flashing an led while a button is held down

Do while loop:

 Execute loop body
 Evaluate condition
 If true loop again

Do {
// compute result
} while (result != required);

This is the only exit controlled loop, less commonly used

Choosing the right loop:

Counting or iterating over a known number of things - for loop

Waiting for a button press or reading data until there is no more data - while loop

Infinite loops:

While (true) {
// loops infinitely
}

Or

While (true);

Code underneath these loops will never run as the loop will never end.

Super loop:

Begins with setup statements then a while loop which loops forever.

For example:

DigitalOut green(D2);
DigitalOut red (D3);
DigitalIn PB1(D4, PullUp);
DigitalIn PB2(D5, PullUp);

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