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Uitgewerkte examenvragen immunologie UGent

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Uitgewerkte examenvragen immunologie 2e bachelor biochemie-biotechnologie UGent (Tussen haakjes staat bij elke vraag hoe vaak deze al gesteld werd op examens)

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  • August 2, 2023
  • 13
  • 2023/2024
  • Exam (elaborations)
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Functie mastcellen, eosinofielen en basofielen in immuunrespons
Eosinofielen
→ Vallen wormen aan
→ Drijven allergieën: ROS, toxines → weefselschade → nood aan regeneratie van
macrofagen

Granules bevatten:
- Neurotoxines
- Peroxidasen
- IL-4 → activatie mastcellen en basofielen

Basofielen
→ Vechten tegen wormen
→ Zorgen voor diarree → uitdrijving van wormen
Granules bevatten
- Histamine: dilatatie van aders (rekruteren cellen en serumcomponenten)
- Cytokines: IL4 en IL13 → Belang bij TH2 inductie (anti parasiet T-cell response)

Mastcellen
→ Vechten tegen wormen
→ Zorgen voor diarree → uitdrijving van wormen
→ Induceren allergieën: vrijstelling histamine & prostaglandine → induceren mucus
productie

Granules bevatten
- Histamines, IL4 & IL13 (minder dan basofiel)
- Prostaglandines (meer dan basofiel)

(3x) eosinofielen vergelijken met neutrofielen
Neutrofielen
Stellen volgende stoffen vrij:
- Cytokines: IL1, TNF → activatie andere immuuncellen
- ROS (toxisch voor bacteria)
- NETs om bacteria vast te houden (netosis)

Eosinofielen
→ Vallen wormen aan
→ Drijven allergieën: ROS, toxines → weefselschade → nood aan regeneratie van
macrofagen
Granules bevatten:
- Neurotoxines

1

, - Peroxidasen
- IL-4 → activatie mastcellen en basofielen

TLR7 en IL1 vergelijken
TLR7 dimeer → MyD88 → IRAK1-4 → IRF7 fosforylatie → Type I interferon (IFNα, IFN)
Typical for plasmacytoid DC (pDC) → anti-viral DC subset

IL-1R → MyD88 → IRAK1-4 → TRAF6 → TAK1 → IKK (α, β, γ) → I𝛋B degradation →
NF-𝛋B → TNF




TLR7 is more highly expressed on pDCs: better against viral infections

(4x) TLR-3 en TLR-5/TLR-4 met elkaar vergelijken: cel tekenen (om lokalisatie van de TLR’s
aan te tonen), de reactiepathway schetsen en uitleg geven bij de verschillende cytokines
die worden geproduceerd (volledig tekenen, liganden en afgeschreven genen geven)
TLR3 dimeer → TRIF → TRAF3 → IKKγ, IKKε, TBK1 → IRF3 fosforylatie → Type I interferon
(IFNα, IFNβ)
Typical for conventional DC (cDC1) → anti-viral DC subset

TLR5 dimeer → MyD88 → IRAK1-4 → TRAF6 → TAK1 → IKK (α, β, γ) → I𝛋B degradation
→ NF-𝛋B → TNF




2

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