WGU C785 Biochemistry Unit2 with correct answers

WGU C785 Biochemistry Unit2 Amino Group - correct answer Consists of hydrogen and nitrogen atoms (NH3+) Carboxyl Group - correct answer Consists of carbons and oxygens (COO-) R Group - correct answer The variable group within an Amino Acid Amino Acid Backbone - correct answer Consists of the Amino Group (NH3+) the Carboxyl Group (COO-) and the Alpha Carbon that bonds to a Hydrogen Monomer - correct answer A small chemical unit that makes up a polymer Polymer - correct answer A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together. Polypeptide - correct answer A polymer (chain) of many amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. Peptide Bond - correct answer Bonds that connect amino acids. Primary Protein Structure - correct answer Sequence of amino acids forming a protein or polypeptide chain, the most basic element of its structure. Alpha Carbon - correct answer The central carbon atom of each amino acid Secondary Protein Structure - correct answer Shape formed by hydrogen bonding of amino acid back bone- usually an alpha helix or beta sheet Tertiary Protein Structure - correct answer The three-dimensional shape of a polypeptide due to interactions of the R groups of the amino acids by covalent bonds Quaternary Protein Structure - correct answer Multiple polypeptide subunits held together by R group interactions Beta Pleated Sheet - correct answer A secondary structure found in proteins in which "pleats" are formed by hydrogen bonding between atoms on the backbone of the polypeptide chain Alpha Helix - correct answer A spiral shape constituting one form of the secondary structure of proteins, arising from a specific hydrogen-bonding structure. Hydrophobic - correct answer Afraid of the water, wants to be on the inside Hydrophilic - correct answer Water loving, wants to be on the outside Polar Amino Acids Have Side Chains of What Atoms? - correct answer OH, NH2 or SH Non-Polar Amino Acids Have Side Chains of What Atoms? - correct answer CH, CH2, CH3 and H only Charged Amino Acids Have Side Chains of What Atoms? - correct answer Any atoms that have a + or - charge Polar Side Chains are Hydrophilic or Hydrophobic? - correct answer Hydrophilic Non-Polar Side Chains are Hydrophilic or Hydrophobic? - correct answer Hydrophobic Charged Side Chains are Hydrophilic or Hydrophobic? - correct answer Hydrophilic Disulfide Bond - correct answer The covalent bond formed between the sulfur atoms of two cysteines in a protein; typically causes the protein to fold by bringing otherwise distant parts of the protein close together Hydrogen Bond - correct answer Weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom Ionic Bond - correct answer A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions. Hydrophobic Interactions - correct answer Interactions between Non-polar amino acids grouping together to avoid water Conditions That Disrupts the Bonds of Polar Amino Acids - correct answer Salts or changes in pH Conditions That Disrupts the Bonds of Charged Amino Acids - correct answer Salts or changes in pH Conditions That Disrupts the Bonds of Non-Polar Amino Acids - correct answer Heat What Breaks a Disulfide Bond? - correct answer Reducing Agents