A virtual lab was conducted in order to determine if temperature was a probable factor affecting the rate of reactants being transformed into products during a chemical reaction. From the experiment, it was concluded that an increase in temperature results in the increase of reaction rate.
Impact of Temperature on Rate of Reaction
Gurnoor Kassowal
Abstract: A virtual lab was conducted in order to determine if temperature was a probable factor
affecting the rate of reactants being transformed into products during a chemical reaction. From
the experiment, it was concluded that an increase in temperature results in the increase of
reaction rate.
Introduction:
The study of chemical reaction rates is the focus of reaction kinetics. Engineers and scientists
may effectively scale up chemical reactions to industrial size in a variety of sectors with the
understanding of how factors (Figure 1: Arrhenius Equation)
affect the rate of a chemical reaction. In
1889, a Dutch scientist, Svante
Arrhenius, provided an equation that
quantitatively connected temperature
and a reaction's rate constant (Figure 1).
This equation was named after
Arrhenius himself as The Arrhenius
Equation (BYJUS, 2021). According to
Arrhenius, temperatures accelerate
reactions by raising the proportion of molecules in the activated state, which is required for a
reaction to occur. The term "activation energy" refers to the amount of energy required to bring
one mole of molecules into the activated state. The equation relating a reaction's rate constant to
activation energy is as follows, where the rate constant is a temperature-dependent
(Figure 2: The Effect of Temperature on Kinetic Energy) proportionality factor that specifies
how the reaction's rate will change
with temperature (Perspectives On
Science, 2020). The speeds of
chemical reactions are predicted using
the collision theory, specifically for
gasses. According to the collision
theory, for a reaction to occur, the
reacting molecules must come into
contact with one another or collide
(Britannica, T. Editors of
Encyclopedia , 2021). If an increase in temperature were to occur then the rate of reaction will
also increase, because the average kinetic energy of the reactant molecules will rise as the
temperature rises. As a result, a higher percentage of molecules will possess the minimal amount
of energy required for a successful collision.
, Materials:
● Reactant A
● Reactant B
● Temperatures Measuring (50°C, 100°C, and 150°C)
● Timer
Procedure:
* Go to this website to access the Collision Theory Gizmo (Figure 3)
https://gizmos.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspView&ResourceID=553&
ClassID=4221234
Step 1: Set the reactant concentration to 1.0 mol/L
Step 2: Set the catalyst concentration to 0.00mol/L
Step 3: Set the surface area to minimum
Step 4: Set the temperature to 0°C (Figure 3: Collision Theory Gizmo Experimental
set-up)
Step 5: Increase the stimulation
speed
Step 6: Press on the play control
button
Step 7: Observe the time it takes
for reaction till reactant percentage
is 50.0% (Shown in the “Table”
tab)
Step 8: Press on the reset button
Step 9: Follow the steps 1 to 3
Step 11: Set the temperature to
100°C
Step 12: Follow the steps from 5 to 9
Step 13: Set the temperature to 200°C
Step 14: Follow steps from 5 to 7.
* 3 trials for each temperature is recommended to reduce observational errors*
Observation Table:
Table 1: Trials to determine the time taken for reaction at different temperatures to reach 50.0%
reactant percentage
Time Taken in Temperature: 50°C Temperature: 100°C Temperature: 150°C
minutes:seconds
Trial 1 66:02 15:20 7:14
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