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BKAT Critical Care Review Exam Questions And Answers 2023
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BKAT Critical Care Review Exam Questions And Answers 2023
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BKAT Critical Care Review Exam Questions And Answers 2023Normal Central Venous Pressure (CVP) range - Correct Answer-2-8 mmHg
Normal Pulmonary Artery Occlusion Pressure (PAOP) range - Correct Answer-6-12 mmHg
Normal Pulmonary Artery Systolic (PAS) range - Correct Answer-20-30 mmHg
Normal Pulmonary Artery Diastolic (PAD) range - Correct Answer-5-15 mmHg
Normal Pulmonary Artery Mean (PAM) - Correct Answer-11-20 mmHg
Normal Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR) range - Correct Answer-800-1200 mmHg
Preload - Correct Answer-volume left in the left ventricle at the end of diastole
What is preload affected by? - Correct Answer-venous return to the heart, atrial kick, total volume, and ventricular compliance
What drugs can affect preload? - Correct Answer-Furosemide and nitroglycerin
Afterload - Correct Answer-Amount of pressure heart has to overcome to pump blood out
What drugs may affect afterload? - Correct Answer-Vasoconstricters and vasodilators
Contractility - Correct Answer-the contractile force of the heart, how much will it take to move the preload out against the afterload
What is the appropriate hold time after pulling an arterial line? - Correct Answer-5-10 min
What part of the heart does the PAOP affect? - Correct Answer-Left ventricle
What part of the heart does the CVP affect? - Correct Answer-Right ventricle
What does it mean when the PAOP is elevated? - Correct Answer-Increased left ventricular end diastolic pressure that could be indicative of left ventricular dysfunction or failure What does it mean if CVP is elevated? - Correct Answer-Fluid overload or decreased compliance (such as with ARDS and COPD)
Difference between stable and unstable angina - Correct Answer-Stable angina: pain happens with certain activities but then goes away with rest.
Unstable angina: chest pain can occur at rest, becomes more sever or frequent, or lasts
longer
ECG changes with an acute MI? - Correct Answer-ST elevation or depression
ECG changes with hyperkalemia - Correct Answer-Peaked T waves
What conditions may cause elevated cardiac enzymes? - Correct Answer-Trauma, acute MI, CABG, and pericarditis
What is the goal of treatment with cariogenic shock? - Correct Answer-to increase cardiac output
What are the effects of nitroprusside (Nipride) and dobutamine (Dobutrex) on preload, afterload, and contractility? - Correct Answer-They both increase cardiac output, heart rate, and contractility
Special precautions of Nipride - Correct Answer-It can cause severe hypotension and cyanide toxicity
Where to listen to assess with a murmur associated with aortic stenosis - Correct Answer-right upper sternal border
What is the most important thing to watch for when administering tPa? - Correct Answer-mental status changes
Anti-clotting medications - Correct Answer-Aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix), ticagrelor (Brilinta), warfarin (Coumadin), heparin, apixaban (Eliquis), and enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Heart rate controlling medications - Correct Answer-Beta blockers (-lol), calcium channel blockers (-ipine), Digoxin
Heart rhythm controlling medications - Correct Answer-Na+ channel blockers (lidocaine)
and K+ channel blockers (amiodarone)
R on T phenomenon - Correct Answer-When pacing, a strong ventricular stimulus occurring on top of the T wave that can initiate a sustained ventricular tachyarrythmia
Normal PR interval - Correct Answer-0.12-0.20 seconds
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