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samenvatting Materiaalleer 3: deel Elke Knapen: H2 cement
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samenvatting Materiaalleer 3: deel Elke Knapen: hoofdstuk 2 cement
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Materiaalleer 3Hoofdstuk 2_deel Elke Knapen: CEMENT
INHOUD
Cement ....................................................................................................................................................1
Hydraulisch bindmiddel ........................................................................................................................1
Wat gebeurt er als cement in contact komt met water? .................................................................1
Cementproductie ....................................................................................................................................4
Principe ................................................................................................................................................5
Bestandsdelen .....................................................................................................................................5
Klinker ..............................................................................................................................................6
Productie portlandklinker ...........................................................................................................6
Hoofdbestanddelen portlandklinker ..........................................................................................6
Hoogovenslakken ............................................................................................................................6
Vliegassen ........................................................................................................................................6
Calsiumsulfaat .................................................................................................................................6
Synthese – productie cement ..................................................................................................................4
Grondstoffen .......................................................................................................................................5
Wat zit er in een zak cement? → wat is het bindmiddel zelf? ............................................................5
Wat gebeurt er als H2O toegevoegd? → wat wordt er gevormd na uitharding? ...............................5
Dosering v. bestandsdelen – maalproces ..............................................................................................4
Cementproductie .................................................................................................................................5
Cementsoorten .......................................................................................................................................4
Gewone cementsoorten ......................................................................................................................5
Sterkteklassen .................................................................................................................................6
Aandachtspunten → optionele kenmerken v. gewone cementsoorten ........................................6
Cementkeuze ..........................................................................................................................................4
Factoren die rol spelen ........................................................................................................................5
Synthese – welke cementsoort wanneer? ...........................................................................................5
Bijkomende aspecten ..............................................................................................................................4
Gezondheid ..........................................................................................................................................5
Pagina 1 van 8
, Cement
− Beton: bindmiddel nodig met hoge sterkte = cement
− Na verharding: behoudt sterkte & stabiliteit, zelfs onder water
• Hydraulisch bindmiddel
− Wat gebeurt er als cement in contact komt met water?
1. Onmiddellijke chemische reactie: hydraten w gevormd (= kristallen)
= Exotherme reactie: er w warmte geproduceerd
2. Binding: hydraten w verder ontwikkeld tot 1e netwerk ontstaat
Cementpasta begint te verstijven
Vanaf nu beton met rust laten! (sterkteopbouw)
3. Verharding: sterkte w verder opgebouwd in de tijd
= Kristalnetwerk (nog maar enkele poriën aanw.)
+ ev. niet-gebruikt water (niet meer nodig voor chemische reactie, verdampt)
Omgevingsvochtigh. m voldoende hoog blijven: tijd voor chemische reactie
Cementproductie
• Principe
− Grondst.: klei (SiO2 + Al2O3) + kalksteen (CaCO3 → CaO + CO2)
− SiO2, Al2O3 & CaO activeren
Verhitten: CO2 in CaCO3 ontsnapt (= calcinatie)
Niet te vermijden CO2-uitstoot
Oxiden: binden bij heel hoge temp. (1500°C)
Nieuwe producten (= hydraulisch): gaan achteraf reageren met H2O
Pagina 2 van 8
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