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TMC Respiratory Care Boards Study Guide #1 correctly answered 2023
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TMC Respiratory Care Boards Study Guide #1 correctly answered 2023
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TMC Respiratory Care Boards Study Guide #1correctly answered 2023
4 critical life functions - -1. Ventilation
2. Oxygenation
3. Circulation
4. Perfusion
-Findings that indicate patient's fluid intake exceeds urine output - -1.
Weight gain
2. Electrolyte imbalance
3. Increased hemodynamic pressures
4. Decreased lung compliance
-Reading that indicates hypovolemia - -CVP < 2 mmHg
-Reading that indicates hypervolemia - -CVP > 6 mmHg
-Semicomatose - -Responds only to painful stimuli
-Lethargy or somnolence - -Sleepy
-Obtunded - -Drowsy state, may have decreased cough or gag reflex
-Orthopnea - -Difficulty breathing in upright position (heart problem, CHF)
-General malaise - -Run down feeling, nausea, weakness, fatigue, headache
(electrolyte imbalance)
-Dyspnea - -Feeling of SOB/difficulty breathing
-Dysphagia - -Difficulty swallowing, hoarseness
-Peripheral edema - -Pitting edema in arms and ankles
-Causes of peripheral edema - -Fluid accumulation from CHF and renal
failure
-Ascites - -Accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
-Causes ascites - -Fluid accumulation from liver failure
-Clubbing - -Angling of nail bed of thumbs, first finger and toes
-Causes of clubbing - -Effects of chronic hypoxemia on fingers and toes
, -Venous distention - -Engorged jugular veins during exhalation
-Causes of venous distention - -Engorged jugular veins from CHF and COPD
-Capillary refill - -Indicates peripheral circulation
-Diaphoresis - -Profuse, heavy sweating
-Causes of diaphoresis - -Heart failure, fever, infection, anxiety,
nervousness, TB
-Ashen/pallor skin - -Skin color caused by anemia or blood loss
-Erythema - -Redness of skin
-Causes of erythema - -Skin colore caused by capillary congestion,
inflammation, infection
-Causes of Cyanosis - -Skin color caused by hypoxia from increased amount
of reduced hemoglobin
-Kyphosis - -Convex curvature of spine (lean forward)
-Scoliosis - -Lateral curvature of spine (side to side)
-Eupnea - -Normal RR, depth, rhythm
-Causes of tachypnea - -Hypoxia, fever, pain CNS problems
-Cheyne-Stokes - -Gradual increase in RR, then gradual decrease in RR and
depth
-Causes of Cheyne-Stokes - -Breathing pattern caused by increased ICP,
meningitis, narcotic OD
-Kussmaul's - -Increased RR, increased depth, irregular rhythm, labored
breathing
-Causes of Kussmaul's - -Breathing pattern caused by metabolic acidosis,
renal failure, diabetic ketoacidosis
-Normal muscles of ventilation - -Diaphragm, external intercostals, passive
exhalation
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