AHA BLS course Questions and Answers 100% correct

AHA BLS course Questions and Answers 100% correct Scene Safety and Assessment 1. make sure the scene is SAFE 2. check for RESPONSIVENESS - "are you okay?" 3. Call 911 and get AED 4. check for NORMAL BREATHING and carotid PULSE (gasping is NOT normal breathing) 5. be prepared to perform CPR when to start CPR no pulse felt and abnormal breathing when to provide rescue breathing pulse felt and abnormal breathing Rescue breathing for adults 1 breath every 6 seconds (10 breaths/minute) what is the first step of CPR? Check for a pulse how do you check for a pulse? 1. use 2-3 fingers 2. locate carotid pulse (groove lateral to trachea) 2. assess 5 sec., no 10 sec. CPR: adults Rate: 100-120/min Depth: at least 2 inches Hand Placement: 2 hands on lower half of sternum Chest Recoil: must be COMPLETE INTERRUPTIONS - NO 10 SEC. How to open the airway: head tilt chin lift How to Use a Pocket Mask: Step 1 position yourself at victims side place mask on victims face, use bridge of nose to guide Step 2 Seal the mask against face, index & thumb on top, other thumb on bottom Step 3 place remaining fingers from second hand on jaw & open airway Step 4 Deliver 1 breath over one second; enough to make victim's chest ride bag-mask device - provides positive pressure ventilation - bag attached to face mask - may include 1-way valve how to use bag-mask device Step 1 position yourself at victims side place mask on victims face, use bridge of nose to guide Step 2 E-C clamp technique Step 3 squeeze bag, watch for rise and fall of chest E-C clamp technique Seal the mask against face, index & thumb on top, other thumb on bottom place remaining fingers from second hand on jaw & open airway fatal arrhythmias that can cause cardiac arrest pulseless ventricular tachycardia (PvT) ventricular fibrillation (VF) what is the function of an AED analyzes heart rhythm and provides a shock after AED shocks... continue CPR starting w/ compressions when should AED operator clear the victim? during analysis and before shock delivery AED anterolateral pad placement: adults & children 8+ side of left nipple and below right clavicle anteroposterior AED pad placement: adults & children 8+ left side of chest and left side of back what minimizes interruptions when using an AED? - continue CPR until AED prompts to clear - after shock delivery or if no shock advised, continue CPR starting w/ compressions - 2 or more rescuers: one doing compressions while other preps AED if patient is unresponsive: call for help, check for breathing and pulse after checking for breathing and pulse, you find that the patient is not breathing normally but has a pulse and needs rescue breathing. What is the proper ventilation rate? 1 breath every 6 seconds (10 breaths/min) after 4 minutes of rescue breathing, no pulse is present during a pulse check. what immediate action should be taken? immediately CPR and turn on AED As you provide CPR, a colleague arrives with an AED, turns it on, and follows the prompts. The AED analyzes the heart rhythm and does NOT advise a shock. After immediately resuming CPR, how do you continue treatment? Continue CPR until prompted by the AED to allow a rhythm check, the ALS team arrives, or patient begins to move Pediatric Chain of Survival 1. Prevention 2. Activation of emergency response 3. CPR 4. advanced resuscitation 5. Post-cardiac arrest care 6. recovery pulse check in infant brachial pulse, interior medial space between shoulder and elbow how do you open the airway in infants? head tilt, chin lift CPR: children Rate: 100-120/min Depth: approx. 2 inches Hand Placement: 1 or 2 hands on lower half of sternum Chest Recoil: must be COMPLETE INTERRUPTIONS - NO 10 SEC. an adult victim is unresponsive, not breathing, and without a pulse. what is the next step in treatment? activate the emergency response system and get the AED femoral artery pulse midway between hip and pubic bones, just below crease where leg meets torso CPR: infant Rate: 100-120/min; 30 compressions:2 breaths Depth: approx. 1.5 inches Hand Placement: 2 fingers in center of chest below nipple line OR 2 thumb encircling technique Chest Recoil: must be COMPLETE INTERRUPTIONS - NO 10 SEC. Compression to ventilation ratio in children (1 rescuer) 30:2 Compression to ventilation ratio in children (2 rescuer) 15:2 some AEDs recommend this pad placement for children: anteroposterior child is unresponsive, what is the next step? for 5-10 seconds, check for abnormal breathing or no breathing, while checking carotid pulse child is not breathing normally but has a pulse. his airway is not obstructed. how do you deliver rescue breaths? 1 breath every 2-3 seconds (20-30 breaths/min) after 2 minutes of rescue breaths, there is no pulse. you immediately begin CPR. after performing CPR for 2 more minutes, there is still no pulse and you are still alone. what is the next step? get and use AED after turning on an AED, you know to use pediatric pads on children ages 8 or younger. There are only adult pads. what do you do? use the adult pads you are still performing CPR alone to a child. The AED detects a shockable rhythm and advises a shock. After delivering one shock, you immediately resume CPR with which ratio of compressions to breaths? 30 compressions : 2 breaths infant is unresponsive, what is the next step? for 5-10 seconds, check for abnormal breathing or no breathing, while checking brachial pulse the infant isn't breathing normally but has a pulse. what do you do? provide rescue breaths, with 1 breath every 2-3 seconds you check the infant's pulse every 2 minutes and detect the HR is 60bpm with signs of poor perfusion. while your colleague begins CPR, what do you need to do? power on the AED, follow the prompts, and use child pads The AED detects shockable rhythm and advises a shock. After delivering one shock, you and your partner immediately resume CPR by using what ration and which compressions technique? complete cycles of 15 compressions and 2 breaths, and use the 2 thumb-encircling hands technique to avoid fatigue, when should team roles switch providing compressions every 5 cycles or 2 minutes who keeps track of interruptions during CPR? timer/recorder which team role makes treatment decisions and assigns roles? team leader what is a correct approach for AED pad placement for infants and children less than 8 y/o? as indicated on pad packages what are examples of effective team dynamics? - clear roles and responsibilieties - debriefing - knowledge sharing - constructive intervention which of the following are resuscitation triangle roles in a high-performance team? - Airway - Compressor - AED/Monitor/Defibrillator CCF amount of time doing chest compressions Pauses from chest compressions are due to: - pulse checks - intubation - rhythm analysis - compressor switches - defibrillation advanced providers do this during CPR: - check for pulse - precharge defibrillator - prepare to deliver shock about 15 seconds before compressions stop: compressor assesses the patient and provides compressions Airway provides ventilation Monitor/Defibrillator operates the AED and alternates with compressor every 2 minutes to avoid fatigue assigning your team members individual roles and outlining what each member needs to do during the resuscitation attempt is an example of what element of high-performance team dynamics? clear roles and responsibilities if chest is covered with sweat or water, how do you prep to use the AED? quickly wipe the chest dry if the victim has a transdermal medicine patch, how do you prep to use the AED? - do not place AED pads directly over medicine patch - remove medicine patch and quickly wipe chest if the victim has a hairy chest, what should be done if there is only one set of AED pads and a razor? shave chest area and apply pads if the victim has a hairy chest, what should be done if there are two sets of AED pads? - use the first set to remove the hair by sticking them as much as possible, then quickly pulling them off - apply second set of AED pads if the victim has an implanted defibrillator or pacemaker, how should you place the AED pads? make sure AED pads are NOT directly over pacemaker defibrillation in infants 1 y/o - manual defibrillator preferred - if manual defibrillator is not available, use an AED w/ a pediatric dose attenuator - if neither is available, use normal AED each rescue breath you give a victim contains _______ % oxygen 17%