Summary
Samenvatting - Persoonlijkheidspsychologie
- Course
- Institution
Deze samenvatting bevat al de te kennen leerstof voor het examen.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
merelvanhove
Content preview
Persoonlijkheids-psychologie
Professionele Bachelor in de
Orthopedagogie
Merel Vanhove
,INHOUDSOPGAVE
zelfbeeld en zelfwaardering ............................................................................................................................. 6
inleiding ............................................................................................................................................................... 6
begripsbepaling ................................................................................................................................................... 6
het theoretisch kader: het persoonsmodel van Verhofstadt-Denève (1994) ..................................................... 7
persoon als dynamische IK-MIJ relatie ............................................................................................................ 7
dimensies van het zelfbeeld: 6 fenomenologische zelfconstructies ............................................................... 8
persoonskenmerken en condities ................................................................................................................... 8
extern en intern zelfbeeld ............................................................................................................................... 9
bewustzijnsniveaus ......................................................................................................................................... 9
fenomenologische zelfconstructie en realiteit ................................................................................................ 9
informatiebronnen bij de opbouw van het zelfbeeld ......................................................................................... 9
introspectie ..................................................................................................................................................... 9
percepties van ons eigen gedrag..................................................................................................................... 9
jezelf vergelijken met anderen ...................................................................................................................... 10
het autobiografisch geheugen ...................................................................................................................... 10
culturele perspectieven ................................................................................................................................ 10
besluit............................................................................................................................................................ 10
de ontwikkeling van zelfbeeld en zelfwaardering ............................................................................................. 10
de ontwikkeling van taal ............................................................................................................................... 11
zelfbeeld en zelfwaardering volgens leeftijd................................................................................................. 11
besluit zelfontwikkeling/ zelfwaardering ...................................................................................................... 12
ontwikkeling van de reflectie op de ander .................................................................................................... 12
zelfwaardering verder uitgediept...................................................................................................................... 12
verschillende visies op zelfwaardering .......................................................................................................... 12
globale versus domeinspecifieke zelfwaardering ......................................................................................... 13
het zelfwaarderingmodel van Harter (1990) ................................................................................................. 14
meetinstrumenten ........................................................................................................................................ 15
zelfbeeldverterkende technieken (beïnvloeden of stimuleren) ................................................................... 16
de behoefte aan zelfwaaardering ................................................................................................................. 16
mechanismen van zelfverheerlijking ............................................................................................................. 17
zelfpresentatie .................................................................................................................................................. 18
strategische zelfpresentatie .......................................................................................................................... 18
zelfverificatie ................................................................................................................................................. 18
besluit................................................................................................................................................................ 19
persoonlijkheid .............................................................................................................................................. 20
inleiding ............................................................................................................................................................. 20
Persoonlijkheidspsychologie 1
, een definiëring van het begrip “persoonlijkheid” ............................................................................................. 20
vele definities ................................................................................................................................................ 20
onderscheid tussen persoonlijkheid, temperament en karakter .................................................................. 20
geschiedenis van de persoonlijkheidspsychologie ............................................................................................ 21
wanneer is de eerste persoonlijkheidstheorie ontstaan? ............................................................................. 21
waardoor is de persoonlijkheidspsychologie beïnvloed? ............................................................................. 22
vraagstukken ................................................................................................................................................. 22
ideografische en nomothetische benaderingen ............................................................................................... 22
ideografische benaderingen.......................................................................................................................... 22
nomothetische benaderingen ....................................................................................................................... 22
meten van persoonlijkheidskenmerken ............................................................................................................ 23
psychometrische methoden ......................................................................................................................... 23
de factoranalytische methode (Spearman) ................................................................................................... 23
factoranalytische studies van de persoonlijkheid ......................................................................................... 23
de karaktertrektheorieën .............................................................................................................................. 23
persoonlijkheidseigenschappen of situaties? ............................................................................................... 24
de big five (de grote vijf) ................................................................................................................................... 24
de 5 persoonlijkheidsdimensies .................................................................................................................... 24
geschiedenis van de 5 dimensionele begrippen ........................................................................................... 25
de basis van het Vijf – factoren Model: “de lexicale hypothese” ................................................................. 26
de relevantie van deze theorie ..................................................................................................................... 26
meetinstrumenten van persoonlijkheid ............................................................................................................ 26
de NEO-PI-R (De NEO- Personality Inventory-Revised, Hoekstra, Ormel en De Fruyt, 1996) ....................... 26
de “Hiërarchische Persoonlijkheidsvragenlijst voor kinderen (HiPIC, Mervielde en De Fruyt, 1997) ........... 27
persoonlijkheid van kinderen ............................................................................................................................ 27
toepassing: artikel ............................................................................................................................................. 28
emoties en emotionele intelligentie............................................................................................................... 30
definiëring en omkadering van het begrip emotie ........................................................................................... 30
emoties: de reactie van een heel systeem .................................................................................................... 30
een mogelijke definitie .................................................................................................................................. 31
Eigenschappen van een emotionele ervaring ............................................................................................... 32
Onderscheid gevoel, emotie en stemming ................................................................................................... 32
Waar dienen emoties voor? functies van emoties ....................................................................................... 33
primaire en secundaire emoties ................................................................................................................... 35
de 6 basisemoties .............................................................................................................................................. 35
Emoties cultuurgebonden of aangeboren?....................................................................................................... 36
Het onderzoek van Paul Ekman .................................................................................................................... 36
Persoonlijkheidspsychologie 2
, Uitingsregels van emoties binnen de verschillende culturen ....................................................................... 37
Kan men leugenaars ontmaskeren? .................................................................................................................. 38
leugendetector .............................................................................................................................................. 38
als hulpverlener werken met emoties (gevoelens) van cliënt en zichzelf ......................................................... 38
Theorieën over het ontstaan van emoties ........................................................................................................ 39
James-Lange theorie ..................................................................................................................................... 39
Cannon-Bard theorie ..................................................................................................................................... 40
Schachter en Singer (2-factorentheorie) ....................................................................................................... 41
theorie van LeDoux ....................................................................................................................................... 42
componentiële emotietheorie (Fontaine) .................................................................................................... 42
conclusie emotietheorieën ........................................................................................................................... 42
emotionele intelligentie .................................................................................................................................... 42
kennis van eigen emoties .............................................................................................................................. 43
reguleren van emoties .................................................................................................................................. 43
zelfmotivatie ................................................................................................................................................. 44
het onderkennen van andermans emoties ................................................................................................... 44
het omgaan met relaties ............................................................................................................................... 44
stress, burn-out en coping .............................................................................................................................. 45
stress: een breed begrip.................................................................................................................................... 45
gezonde en ongezonde stress ........................................................................................................................... 45
kenmerken van gezonde stress ..................................................................................................................... 45
kenmerken van ongezonde stress................................................................................................................. 45
bronnen van stress ............................................................................................................................................ 46
alledaagse problemen ................................................................................................................................... 46
Levensgebeurtenissen ................................................................................................................................... 46
Traumatische ervaringen .............................................................................................................................. 46
Chronische stress: de duur van stressvolle gebeurtenissen ......................................................................... 47
model voor ongezonde stress ........................................................................................................................... 47
de rol van doelen in het ontstaan van ongezonde stress ............................................................................. 48
de rol van persoonlijkheid in het ontstaan van ongezonde stress ................................................................ 49
beoordelingsprocessen ..................................................................................................................................... 49
attributionele en verklarende stijlen ............................................................................................................ 49
Perceptie van controle .................................................................................................................................. 50
Optimisme ..................................................................................................................................................... 50
Positieve emoties .......................................................................................................................................... 50
langdurig ongezonde stress op het werk: burn-out .......................................................................................... 50
een verhaal over stress en overspanning...................................................................................................... 50
Persoonlijkheidspsychologie 3
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller merelvanhove. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.12. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
62555 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now