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Samenvatting - Psychopathologie
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PsychopathologieProfessionele Bachelor in de
Orthopedagogie
Merel Vanhove
,INHOUDSOPGAVE
hoofdstuk 1: een helikopterblik op onze geestelijke gezondsheidszorg ............................................................ 4
de geschiedenis van de psychiatrie: een kort overzicht...................................................................................... 4
de psychiatrie vandaag ....................................................................................................................................... 6
paradigmashift ................................................................................................................................................ 6
ervaringsdeskundigen ..................................................................................................................................... 6
projecten art. 107 voor volwassenen – mobiele teams .................................................................................. 7
nieuw geestelijk gezondheidsbeleid voor kinderen en jongeren – functies ................................................... 8
enkele definities .............................................................................................................................................. 8
DSM of ICD 10 ................................................................................................................................................. 9
biopsychosociale benadering .......................................................................................................................... 9
wanneer heeft iemand een geestelijk gezondheidsprobleem? .................................................................... 10
wat is ‘normaal’ in de psychiatrie ................................................................................................................. 10
psychiatrische aandoening (“pathologisch”) ................................................................................................ 10
een aantal markante vaststellingen op vlak van geestelijke gezondheidszorg (P.46-56) ................................. 10
overconsumptie van antidepressiva ............................................................................................................. 10
zelfdodingen .................................................................................................................................................. 11
kinderen en jongeren .................................................................................................................................... 11
allochtonen ................................................................................................................................................... 11
hoofdstuk 2: diagnose en behandeling ........................................................................................................... 12
psychiatrie en psychiatrische ziekten................................................................................................................ 12
is psychiatrie wel een medische discipline? .................................................................................................. 12
wat is een psychiatrische ziekte? .................................................................................................................. 13
kan een psychiatrische ziekte dan conceptueel zomaar gelijkgesteld worden met een lichamelijke ziekte?
...................................................................................................................................................................... 14
diagnose in de psychiatrie: het psychiatrisch onderzoek ................................................................................. 15
hoe verloopt een diagnostisch gesprek (anamnese)? ................................................................................... 15
het nagaan van de psychiatrische voorgeschiedenis en de familieanamnese .............................................. 16
het navragen van lichamelijke klachten en het lichamelijk onderzoek ........................................................ 16
de sociale anamnese ..................................................................................................................................... 16
de biografische anamnese ............................................................................................................................ 16
de heteroanamnese ...................................................................................................................................... 16
aanvullende onderzoeken ............................................................................................................................. 17
diagnose en classificatie .................................................................................................................................... 17
het voorkomen van psychiatrische ziekten (epidemiologie) ............................................................................ 17
oorzaken en ontstaan van psychiatrische ziekten (etiopathogenese) .............................................................. 17
biologische factoren ...................................................................................................................................... 17
Psychopathologie 1
, psychologische factoren................................................................................................................................ 19
gevolgen van psychiatrische stoornissen .......................................................................................................... 20
behandeling en preventie ................................................................................................................................. 20
hoofdstuk 3: de patiËnt met een pscyhiatrische aandoening versus de samenleving ..................................... 23
vermaatschappelijking van de zorg ................................................................................................................... 23
stigma ................................................................................................................................................................ 24
maatschappelijke kost....................................................................................................................................... 25
commercialisering ............................................................................................................................................. 26
werken en wonen ............................................................................................................................................. 26
werken .......................................................................................................................................................... 26
wonen ........................................................................................................................................................... 27
euthanasie en hulp bij zelfdoding ..................................................................................................................... 27
omgaan met psychiatrische aandoening .......................................................................................................... 28
hoofdstuk 4: ziektebeelden ............................................................................................................................ 29
schizofreniespectrum- en andere psychotische stoornissen ............................................................................ 29
schizofreniespectrum .................................................................................................................................... 29
de waanstoornis ............................................................................................................................................ 31
overzicht ........................................................................................................................................................ 32
bipolaire-stemmingsstoornissen ....................................................................................................................... 33
langetermijnbeloop van de bipolaire stoornis .............................................................................................. 34
neurobiologie van Bipolaire stoornissen....................................................................................................... 34
overzicht ........................................................................................................................................................ 35
depressieve-stemmingsstoornissen .................................................................................................................. 36
overzicht ........................................................................................................................................................ 38
angststoornissen ............................................................................................................................................... 39
overzicht ........................................................................................................................................................ 41
dwang- en verwante stoornissen ...................................................................................................................... 42
overzicht ........................................................................................................................................................ 43
psychotrauma- en stressgerelateerde stoornissen ........................................................................................... 44
overzicht ........................................................................................................................................................ 46
stoornissen met lichamelijke symptomen ........................................................................................................ 47
overzicht ........................................................................................................................................................ 48
eetstoornissen................................................................................................................................................... 49
gestoord eetgedrag bij volwassenen ............................................................................................................ 49
voedingsstoornissen bij kinderen ................................................................................................................. 51
seksuele disfuncties en genderdysforie ............................................................................................................ 52
seksuele disfuncties ...................................................................................................................................... 52
Psychopathologie 2
, genderdysforie en genderdiversiteit ............................................................................................................. 54
drangstoornissen: impulsbeheersingsstoornissen en parafilieën ..................................................................... 56
theoretische verschil drangstoornissen en dwangstoornissen ..................................................................... 56
persoonlijkheidsstoornissen ............................................................................................................................. 57
hoofdstuk 5: suïcide ....................................................................................................................................... 60
definities (niet kennen) ..................................................................................................................................... 60
waar of niet + andere ........................................................................................................................................ 60
dalende tendens ............................................................................................................................................... 60
risicofactoren .................................................................................................................................................... 61
eerste conclusie ................................................................................................................................................ 61
verklarend model suïcidaal gedrag ................................................................................................................... 61
het suïcidaal proces........................................................................................................................................... 63
signalen herkennen ........................................................................................................................................... 64
De SP-reflex ................................................................................................................................................... 64
signalen herkennen ....................................................................................................................................... 66
het gesprek aangaan ......................................................................................................................................... 66
hoe suïcidaliteit bevragen? ........................................................................................................................... 67
Psychopathologie 3
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