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Apunte y resumen de Pelagra
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Apunte y resumen de Pelagra, medicina 3er año
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P ELAGRADefinición:
Enfermedad sistémica producida por deficiencia de Vitamina B3 (niacina).
Este padecimiento originado por el consumo de dietas con bajo contenido de
niacina y/o triptófano, ya que la niacina también se obtiene por producción
endógena a partir de su precursor principal, el triptófano.
●Niacina.
-Derivado de la piridina
-Función: Oxidación tisular.
-Fuentes:
●Alimentas que más niacina contienen ( en ese orden)
Leche materna (40mg)
Cafe tostado
Salvado de trigo
Pasta de cacahuate.
Cacahuate crudo
Higado asado.
●Alimentos que más triptófano tienen ( en ese orden)
Harina de pescado
Charales frescos
Semillas de calabaza
Soya
APORTE RECOMENDADO DE TRIPTÓFANO (MG/KG)
3-4 MESES 2 AÑOS 10-12 AÑOS ADULTOS
TRIPTÓFANO 17 mg 12.5 mg 3.3 mg 3.5 mg
PREVENCIÓN:ingesta de 15-20 mg/dia previene esta en toda edad.
Clasificación.
-Primaria:Baja ingesta de niacina o triptófano.
-Secundaria:Alteración del metabolismo intermedio que afecta la síntesis de
niacina.
-Multifactorial:Involucra ambas.
Factor de riesgo
-Dieta basada en maíz●anorexia●Neoplasia●Estados de
malabsorción●Diarrea prolongada●Malnutrición●Terapia con isoniacida
que por su estructura análoga a la niacina suprime la producción de
endogena ●Uso de fármacos que interrumpen la síntesis de triptofano
(5-Fluoracilo,pirazinamida,hidantoina,etionamida,fenobarbital,azatioprina,clo
ranfenicol). ●Alcoholismo crónico ●Cirrosis hepática ●Diabetes ●Fiebre
prolongada ●VIH
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