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A People And A Nation A History of the United States To 1877 9th Edition By by Mary Beth Norton - Test Bank
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Chapter 3—North America in the Atlantic World, SHORT ANSWER Instructions: • Identify each item. Give an explanation or description of the item. Answer the questions who, what, where, and when. • Explain the historical significance of each item. Establish the historical context in whi...

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  • August 14, 2023
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  • a people and a nation a history of the united stat

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Chapter 1—Three Old Worlds Create a New, 1492-1600


SHORT ANSWER
Instructions:
 Identify each item. Give an explanation or description of the item. Answer the questions
who, what, where, and when.
 Explain the historical significance of each item. Establish the historical context in which
the item exists. Establish the item as the result of or as the cause of other factors existing
in the society under study. Answer this question: What were the political, social,
economic, and/or cultural consequences of this item?
1. Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca
ANS:
2. Paleo-Indians
ANS:
3. Teotihuacán
ANS:
4. the Mayas
ANS:
5. the Pueblos
ANS:
6. the Mississippians
ANS:
7. the City of the Sun (Cahokia)
ANS:
8. Monks Mound
ANS:
9. The Aztecs
ANS:
10. Huitzilopochtli
ANS:
11. Tenochtilán
ANS:
12. sexual division of labor
ANS:
13. Upper Guinea
ANS:
14. Lower Guinea
ANS:
15. dual-sex principle
ANS:
16. the Sandé and Poro cults
ANS:
17. the Black Death
ANS:

,18. the Hundred Years' War
ANS:

19. the lateen sail, the compass, the astrolabe, and the quadrant
ANS:
20. Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile
ANS:
21. movable type and the printing press
ANS:
22. Travels by Marco Polo
ANS:
23. the Mediterranean Atlantic
ANS:
24. the Azores, the Madeiras, and the Canaries
ANS:
25. the Northeast Trades and the Westerlies
ANS:
26. Prince Henry the Navigator
ANS:
27. São Tomé
ANS:
28. Christopher Columbus
ANS:


29. Amerigo Vespucci
ANS:
30. Leif Ericsson
ANS:
31. John Cabot
ANS:
32. Hernán Cortés
ANS:
33. Malinche
ANS:
34. the Spanish model of colonization
ANS:
35. the encomienda system
ANS:
36. Spanish missionaries
ANS:
37. the Columbian exchange
ANS:
38. smallpox

, ANS:


39. syphilis
ANS:
40. sugar, the horse, and tobacco
ANS:
41. maize
ANS:
42. John Hawkins and Sir Francis Drake
ANS:
43. Richard Hakluyt
ANS:
44. Sir Walter Raleigh
ANS:
45. Roanoke
ANS:
46. A Briefe and True Report of the New Found Land of Virginia
ANS:


MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following were the first to cultivate food crops in the Americas?
a. European colonists in South America
b. Indians along the Atlantic seaboard of North America
c. Jesuit missionaries in southern California
d. Indians living in central Mexico
ANS: D

2. Which of the following was a consequence of the spread of agricultural techniques among Indian
groups?
a. Cultural differences among groups of Indians disappeared.
b. Most groups began to live a more sedentary existence.
c. The various groups began to engage in almost constant warfare.
d. Political power within the various groups fell into the hands of land-owning elite.
ANS: B
3. Why did the practice of settled agriculture lead to the emergence of more complex civilizations?
a. People practicing settled agriculture needed a more structured political system.
b. People with a steady supply of food were free to devote their energy to accumulating
wealth, producing art, and creating ceremonies and rituals.
c. An increase in the number of children in such societies gave rise to the educational
institutions associated with complex civilizations.
d. Property owners in such societies demanded laws and institutions that protected their
property rights.
ANS: B
4. What did the city-states of Mesoamerica and the urban clusters known as the Mississippian culture
have in common?

, a. Each practiced a form of township democracy.
b. Each was engaged in extensive trade in the Caribbean basin.
c. Each had religious beliefs that were monotheistic.
d. Each reached the height of its power only after achieving success in agriculture.
ANS: D
5. Which of the following best explains the differences in the means of subsistence and lifestyles that
emerged among Indian groups in the New World?
a. Disagreements over political beliefs caused groups to separate.
b. The various tribes migrated to the Americas separately and came from widely divergent
cultures.
c. Different Indian groups adapted their means of subsistence and lifestyles to the
environment in which they settled.
d. Geographic barriers in the New World made interaction between different Indian tribes
impossible.
ANS: C
6. Which of the following best explains the fact that bands of Indian hunters remained small in the area
of the Great Basin (present-day Nevada and Utah)?
a. The disease environment dramatically lowered the life expectancy of the inhabitants of the
Great Basin.
b. The tribes of the Great Basin enacted laws that imposed strict limitations on the size of
each band within the tribe.
c. The inadequate supply of large game made it difficult to find food in sufficient quantity to
support large groups.
d. The practice of human sacrifice significantly reduced the population of the bands and
tribes of the Great Basin.
ANS: C

7. North American Indian agricultural societies were alike in which of the following respects?
a. They all defined the extended family matrilineally.
b. The clans that made up these societies were defined patrilineally.
c. They all allocated agricultural chores to women.
d. Women were allowed to be chiefs in all these societies.
ANS: A
8. The design of pre-Columbian Indian villages indicates which of the following?
a. These societies had an extensive trade network with one another.
b. Native Americans once had a common culture because there are no differences among the
villages of hunter-gatherer societies, agricultural societies, and fishing societies.
c. The design of Indian villages around a central place of worship indicates that, although
widely separated, all Indians had the same religious beliefs.
d. The defensive design of villages indicates that North American Indians fought with each
other long before the arrival of Europeans.
ANS: D
9. Women were most likely to hold political positions in
a. hunting tribes.
b. tribes that had no sexual division of labor.
c. nomadic tribes.
d. agricultural tribes.
ANS: D
10. Which of the following is true of the Algonquians?

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