, The scientific underpinnings of practice provide the basis of knowledge for advanced
nursing practice. These scientific underpinnings include sciences such as biology, physiology,
psychology, ethics, and nursing.
·The Foundation of Knowledge Model
According to Mastrain and McGonigle (2009), one of the most prominent models
associated with nursing informatics is the Foundation of Knowledge model. This theory
involves integrating four main kinds of knowledge, which are: knowledge acquisition,
knowledge dissemination, knowledgegeneration and knowledge processing.
Knowledge acquisition: application of knowledge acquired through education, research,
and practice to provide services and interventions to patients to maintain, enhance, or restore
their health, and to acquire, process, generate, and dis- seminate nursing knowledge to advance
the nursing profession.
Knowledge Dissemination: Disturbing and sharing of knowledge learned
Knowledge Generation: Creating new knowledge by changing and evolving knowledge
based on your experience, education and input from others
Knowledge Processing: The activity or process of gathering, collecting or perceiving,
analyzing, saving and transmitting knowledge
TheFoundation of Knowledge modelspecifically prompts nurses to extend their theoretical and
metaphorical knowledge into practical, holistic determinations based on a variety of factors and
contexts. Because competencies in informatics include but are not limited to information
literacy, computer literacy, and the ability to use strategies and system applications to manage
,data, knowledge, and information, the ability of nursing students to use computer-mediated
communication skills is essential to their success in the nursing field and as a means to improve
patient safety.
•Organizing conceptual framework for text
•Helps to explain the ties between nursing science and informatics and knowledge
•Informatics is viewed as a tool for founding knowledge
· Computer science
· Computer science is introduced through a focus on computers and the hardware
and software that make up these evolving systems; computer science is one of the building
blocks of nursing informatics. Computer science offers extremely valuable tools that, if used
skillfully, can facilitate the acquisition and manipulation of data and information by nurses,
who can then synthesize these into an evolving knowledge and wisdom base.
Data storage, management, retrieval, and processing.
· Cognitive science
Interdisciplinary field that studies the mind, intelligence, and behavior from an
information processing perspective. A field that involves both cognitive informatics and
artificial intelligence. The science of understanding what information is housed in and
processed by the brain (Cognitive informatics)
· Information science
the science of information studying the application and usage of information and
knowledge in organizations and the interfacing or interaction between people, organizations and
, information systems. Integrates features from cognitive science, communication science,
computer science, library science and social sciences
· Informatics Competencies
Have been developed to encompass all levels of practice and ensure that entry-level
nurses are ready to enter the more technologically advanced field of nursing. And establish
advanced competencies for specialty practice. These competencies may be used to determine
the educational needs of current staff members
· Information literacy
Ability to recognize when info is needed as well as the skills to evaluate and use needed info
effectively. this nurse can recognize significant, relevant research and know how to apply it to
practice. ability to recognize when information is needed as well as the skills to find, evaluate,
and use needed information effectively
· Health literacy
degree to which individuals can obtain, process, and understand basic health information and
services needed to make appropriate health decisions
· Meaningful Use
use of health information technology to collect specific data with the intent to improve care,
engage patients, improve population health, and ensure the privacy and security
· Patient-centered Information Systems
supports the use and documentation of nursing activities
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