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CHEM 1009Esterification - Lab 6 – Virtual
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Required Readings 48
This page provides an overview of esters: ChemLibreTexts – Chemistry - Chapter 11.3
Required Items
Laptop or tablet, textbook, Internet, periodic table, calculator, pencil and eraser.
Materials
Cellphone – able to take pictures and upload them to Blackboard
Toothpicks
Mini marshmallows in different colours, one bag
Purpose
The purpose of this experiment is to:
1. Learn about the synthesis of esters from an acid and an alcohol.
2. Draw the molecular structures of organic compounds.
3. Create three-dimensional models of esters.
Introduction
This virtual experiment illustrates the reaction of organic chemicals.
An organic compound is any member of a large class of gaseous, liquid, or solid chemical
compounds whose molecules contain carbon. For historical reasons, only a few types of
carbon-containing compounds such as carbides, carbonates, simple oxides of carbon and
cyanides, as well as the allotropes of carbon such as diamond and graphite, are considered
inorganic. Table 1 shows the types of formulas used for organic compounds.
Table 1. Types of formulas used for organic compounds.
Condensed
Structural
IUPAC Name Molecular Formula Structural
Formula
Formula
Ethane C2H6 CH3CH3 C C
Esters is a class of organic compounds that may be formed by reacting alcohols with
organic acids (carboxylic acids). Esters generally have a pleasant odor; many of them
occur naturally and can be found in fruits and fatty material.
The general equation for the synthesis of ester is as follows:
Organic acid + alcohol ester + water
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CHEM1009 Esterification Lab - Virtual
, The reactions in this lab demonstrate a Fischer esterification in which an alcohol reacts with
a carboxylic acid to generate an ester and water as the two products. The formulas of some
the esters generated in this experiment are shown below.
Methyl ethanoate will be used as an example illustrating the formation of an ester. When
ethanoic acid and methanol are reacted together, using a strong acid as a catalyst, a
molecule of water is split out between the molecule of ethanoic acid and the molecule of
methanol, forming the ester. The equation is:
Functional Group of:
Alcohols Carboxylic Acids Esters
Esters are named in the following manner.
The first part of the ester name comes from adding “– yl” to the stem of the name of the
alcohol; the second part is derived by adding the suffix “ate” to the stem of the acid name.
In the example above, methanol becomes methyl, and ethanoic acid becomes ethanoate.
So, the name of the ester derived from methanol and ethanoic acid is methyl ethanoate.
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CHEM1009 Esterification Lab - Virtual
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