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Complete English language A-Level revision notes

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IF YOU MESSAGE ME FIRST I CAN PROVIDE A DISCOUNT Notes from the two years of English Language A-level, I got an A* and never got below an A in in-class assessments and mocks. Notes for this subject are very hard to find, especially easy to understand and complete notes. It took around 7 months to ...

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English language – AOs



AO1 = Terminology

AO2 = Theories

AO3 = Context

AO4 = Links and Connections

AO5 = Creatively writing



Paper 1: Question 1

AO1

AO3



Paper 1: Question 2

AO1

AO3



Paper 1: Question 3

AO4

(no marks for AO1 or AO3 but should still be mentioned)



Paper 1: Question 4

AO1

AO2




Paper 2: Question ½

AO1

AO2



Paper 2: Question 3

AO1

,AO3

AO4



Paper 2: Question 4

AO2

AO5

,Paper Overview


Paper 1: 100 marks

Question 1: “Analyse how Text A uses language to create meanings and representations”.

(Modern text)

Timing: 20 minutes reading + 30 minutes writing

Marks: (25 in total)

AO1: 10 marks

AO3: 15 marks

Question 2: “Analyse how Text B uses language to create meanings and representations”.

(Historical text)

Timing: 20 minutes reading + 30 minutes writing

Marks: (25 in total)

AO1: 10 marks

AO3: 15 marks



Question 3: “Explore the similarities and differences in the ways Text A and Text B use

language”

Timing: 20 minutes of writing

Marks: (20 in total)

AO4: 20 marks

(Won’t get marks but you should still mention AO1 and AO3)



Question 4: (Statement) To what extent do you agree considering the data.

Timing: 5 minutes reading + 35 minutes writing

Marks: (30 in total)

AO1: 15 marks

AO2: 15 marks

,Paper Overview


Paper 2: 100 marks

Question 1/2: “Evaluate the idea that…”.

Marks: (30 in total)

AO1: 10 marks

AO2: 20 marks

Covers the following topic:

- Gender
- Social Groups
- Variety
- Language Change
- Political Correctness



Question 3: “Analyse how language is used in Text A and Text B to present views about…”

Marks: (40 in total)

AO1: 10 marks

AO3: 15 marks

AO4: 15 marks

Covers the following discourses (and more):

- Language Decay
- Linguistic Purity
- Language Control
- Linguistic Inferiority and Superiority
- Language Spread and Diffusion
- Linguistic Decay and Deformity
- Standardisation
- Technology



Question 4: Write an article about the issues discussed in Text A and Text B

Marks: (30 in total)

AO2: 20 marks

AO5: 10 marks

,Simplified Assessment Objectives:



AO1: Terminology



AO2: Theory



AO3: Links and Connections



AO4: Creativity




In-depth Assessment Objectives:



AO1: Apply appropriate methods of language analysis, using associated terminology and coherent


written expression.



A02: Demonstrate critical understanding of concepts and issues relevant to language use



AO3: Analyse and evaluate how contextual factors and language features are associated with the


construction of meaning.



AO4: Explore connections across texts, informed by linguistic concepts and methods.



AO5: Demonstrate expertise and creativity in the use of English to communicate in different ways.

,Paper Overview
PAPER 1 – QUESTION 123

Identify:

- The subject of the text
- The text producer
- A person, event or place
- A culture
- The publisher (eg. the newspaper)

Context:

- Genre
- Audience
- Purpose
- Subject
- Social Context
- Cultural Context
- Date



Look at:

- How language is being used differently in the texts?
- How is the context different?
- How does the time difference impact on the use of language?
- How can we see a change in attitudes between the two texts and how is it
reflected in the text?

,Paper Overview
PAPER 1 – QUESTION 4

Look at:

- Read the question and statement
- Read the data
- Find areas where the data agrees with the statement
- Find areas where the data disagrees with the statement
- Link elements of the data to the theory you have studied
-

Sample Questions

- “A child cannot learn through imitation”
- “Child Directed Speech hinders more than it helps”
- “Correcting a child does not help them”
- “Caregivers provide a poor input for children to learn language”
- “There is an external force from caregivers which helps them learn to speak”

“Syntactic development is more important than phonological develop

,LANGUAGE CHANGE: HISTORY



What: Main causes of language change


Main Point:  Invasion
 Technology
 Migration
 Lexical gaps
 New cultural realities
 Play
 Political correctness




What: Angles, Saxons and Jutes Invasion


When: 449 AD


Main Point:  An example of inexorable, large-scale geopolitical influences -
making it harder to control because language is so reactive to
these unpredictable changes.
 The Anglo-Saxon invasion brought the arrival of Germanic “Anglo-
Saxon”
 Shows how English is so old that it is impossible to not undergo
change




What: Viking Invasion


When: 793 AD


Main Point:  An example of inexorable, largescale geopolitical influences -
making it harder to control because language is so reactive to
these unpredictable changes.
 Similar to the Anglo-Saxon invasion, however, it not only brought
new lexis but also brought a simplified grammatical system.

,What: The Norman Conquest


When: 1066


Main point:  An example of inexorable, large-scale geopolitical
influences - making it harder to control because
language is so reactive to these unpredictable changes.
 Led to a large number of French terms being ingrained
in the English language.
 Influenced orthography, pronunciation, and grammar.
 Causing French to become the language of ‘power and
prestige’ until the second half of the 12th century.
 As it became the language of the ruling class it was
adopted across many registers: literature, law,
commerce, and government business.
 Old English, however, was “too established, too
vigorous and thanks to its fusion with Scandinavian
languages, too hard to wipe out”.
 This meant that, despite written records being in Latin
and French, English was sustained as it was the
language of commoners and many people still spoke it
to strengthen their sense of identity.
 Many Normans married the French causing many
people to identify more with the English language as
they were living in Britain.
 Subsequently, the English that prevailed was an almost
new language in “vocabulary, spirit and wholly different
in character from Anglo-Saxon”
 The overall impact was not only a “New English” but
the French-Norman fusion also caused a huge body of
French loanwords




What: 100-years war


When: 1337-1453

, Main Point:  An example of inexorable, largescale geopolitical influences -
making it harder to control because language is so reactive to
these unpredictable changes.
 A national ‘English’ identity emerged – as opposed to French.
 Norman knights gradually lost their lands in France – ceased to be
‘dual-nationality’ or have a French nationality
 A rich English-speaking middle-class emerged
 The reason we speak a largely Germanic language with lots of
French words.
 French was the accepted language of all formal discourse and
polite society in England
 People started to resent the French language: making them speak
English as a symbol of rebellion and an act of solidarity.




What: Statute of pleading law


When: 1362


Main Point:  Allowed people to use English in court, where before they had no
knowledge of what was being said for or against them
 Led to a rise in people in power speaking English




What: Writers


Main Point:  Shakespeare introduced 1,700 new words to the English language
(16th/17th century)
 Geoffrey Chaucer, writer of The Canterbury Tales, introduced
2000 new words appearing in written form for the first time (14 th
century)




What: The Inkhorn Controversy


When: During the renaissance

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