Dit documunt bevat mijn samenvatting van 2022/2023 van het vak Staatsrecht aan het UGent. Ik heb hiermee namelijk een 16/20 gescoord op de eerste zit. Mijn samenvatting bevat lesnotities van alle hoorcolleges en eventuele aanvullingen met de syllabus. Veel succes!
,Inhoudsopgave
Inleiding.....................................................................................................................................................................6
De kernboodschap................................................................................................................................................7
DEEL 1: Krachtlijnen..................................................................................................................................................7
Hoofdstuk 1: De Belgische staat............................................................................................................................7
1.1 Het ontstaan van staten..............................................................................................................................7
1.2 België als staat.............................................................................................................................................9
1.3 Gevolgen van kwalificatie als staat.............................................................................................................9
Hoofstuk 2: Een democratische Rechtsstaat......................................................................................................10
2.1 De scheiding der machten.........................................................................................................................10
2.2 De rechtsstaat...........................................................................................................................................12
Hoofdstuk 3: België is Een meergelaagde staat in Europa.................................................................................15
3.1 De (federale) staat België..........................................................................................................................15
3.2 De Vlaamse en andere deelstaten............................................................................................................18
3.3 De Europese Unie......................................................................................................................................20
3.4 De gemeenten en provincies.....................................................................................................................22
DEEL 2: De democratische besluitvorming.............................................................................................................22
Hoofstuk 4: Grondwettelijke teksten..................................................................................................................22
4.1 Inleiding.....................................................................................................................................................22
4.2 De Belgische Grondwet.............................................................................................................................25
4.3 De constitutieve autonomie van de deelstaten (gemeenschappen + gewesten)....................................28
4.4 De basisverdragen van de Europese Unie.................................................................................................29
Hoofdstuk 5: De wetgevende instellingen..........................................................................................................30
5.1 Debatteren en organiseren.......................................................................................................................30
5.2 Zelf beslissen.............................................................................................................................................31
5.3 Verkiezen en vertegenwoordigen.............................................................................................................33
5.4 Wetgeven..................................................................................................................................................44
Hoofdstuk 6: De uitvoerende instellingen..........................................................................................................57
6.1 Vertrouwen en controleren......................................................................................................................57
6.2 Besturen....................................................................................................................................................71
6.3 Bestuurlijke rechtshandelingen stellen.....................................................................................................80
6.4 Taalgebruik door het bestuur....................................................................................................................82
DEEL 3. Bevoegdheidsverdeling..............................................................................................................................84
Hoofdstuk 7: Gefedereerde bevoegdheden (federale overheid en de deelstaten)...........................................84
7.1 Bevoegdheidsverdeling binnen België......................................................................................................84
7.2 De bevoegdheidsverdeling binnen de Europese unie...............................................................................98
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, Hoofdstuk 8: Territoriaal gedecentraliseerde bevoegdheden............................................................................99
8.1 De bevoegdheden van de lokale besturen................................................................................................99
8.2 Het toezicht op de lokale besturen.........................................................................................................100
DEEL IV: De inwoners en hun grondrechten.........................................................................................................101
Hoofdstuk 9: De inwoners.................................................................................................................................101
9.1 Personen met een Belgische nationaliteit..............................................................................................101
9.2 Personen met een Belgische nationaliteit..............................................................................................103
9.3 De burgers van de Europese unie...........................................................................................................103
Hoofdstuk 10: Grondrechten............................................................................................................................104
10.1 De ontwikkeling van grondrechten.......................................................................................................104
10.2 De voornaamste grondrechten.............................................................................................................106
10.3 De beperking van grondrechten...........................................................................................................114
10.4 De horizontale werking van grondrechten...........................................................................................119
DEEL V: De rechtsbescherming.............................................................................................................................119
Hoofdstuk 11: rechtssprekende instellingen....................................................................................................119
11.1 De Belgische rechtscolleges..................................................................................................................119
11.2 De rechtscolleges van de Europese unie...............................................................................................126
Hoofdstuk 12: De rechtsbescherming tegen de overheid................................................................................127
12.1 De hiërarchie van normen.....................................................................................................................127
12.2 Rechtstreekse rechtsbescherming........................................................................................................131
12.3 Overheidsaansprakelijkheid..................................................................................................................146
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