Dit document bevat mijn samenvatting van het van Algemene Rechtsleer aan de Universiteit Gent. Ik heb hier namelijk een 17/20 mee behaalt op de 1e zit. Veel succes!
Often literally the structure of the slides, so if I hadn't been to class myself, I wouldn't understand it. Also, you don't really want to read “see book” in a summary. Because I'm buying the summary so I don't have to summarize the book myself xp.
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, 2023
Algemene
Rechtsleer
FREDERIK PEERAER
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1
,Inhoud
(DEEL I. WAT IS RECHT?.............................................................................................................................................6
Inleiding: een moeilijk vraag.................................................................................................................................8
Titel I. Fundamentele transformaties van de mensenmaatschappij....................................................................8
Hoofstuk 1: Jager-voedselverzamelaars............................................................................................................9
Hoofstuk 2: Chiefdoms....................................................................................................................................11
Hoofstuk 3: Rijken...........................................................................................................................................12
Hoofstuk 4: Moderne staten...........................................................................................................................14
Ontwikkeling van moderne staten..............................................................................................................14
Moderne staten: Verdere ontwikkelingen..................................................................................................15
‘Government’ → ‘Governance’...................................................................................................................16
‘Governance’ en territoriale grenzen..........................................................................................................17
Titel II. Kenmerken van recht..............................................................................................................................18
Proloog: Twee benaderingen..........................................................................................................................18
RB: regelgeoriënteerde of doctrinaire benadering.....................................................................................18
GB: gedragsgeoriënteerde benadering.......................................................................................................19
Hoofdstuk 1: Recht gericht op of voortvloeiend uit een normatieve ordening.............................................19
Het begrip ‘Ordening’..................................................................................................................................19
Twee soorten verwachtingen......................................................................................................................20
Ordening en soorten verwachtingen..........................................................................................................20
Recht en normatieve ordening...................................................................................................................21
*Onder de motorkap van RB en GB (lezen in het boek).............................................................................22
Ordeningen en soorten samenlevingen......................................................................................................22
Concurrerende ordeningen: Rechtspluralisme (RP)...................................................................................23
Hoofdstuk 2: al dan niet van institutionele oorsprong...................................................................................25
Hoofdstuk 3. Afdwingbaar..............................................................................................................................25
3.1 Zijn enkel afdwingbare regels rechtsregels?.........................................................................................25
3.2 Is ‘internationaal recht’ wel ‘recht’?.....................................................................................................26
3.3 Rol effectieve naleving?........................................................................................................................27
3.4 Rol effectieve handhaving?...................................................................................................................27
Hoofdstuk 4: Gericht op of voortvloeiend uit een ‘juiste’ ordening...............................................................28
4.1 Op zoek naar de Grondslag van regels en normatieve verwachtingen................................................28
4.2 Normatieve aanvaarding (vrijwillige acceptatie)..................................................................................28
4.3 Wat als regel niet strookt met grondslag?............................................................................................29
4.4 Muurschuttersprocessen......................................................................................................................30
Hoofdstuk 5: Rechtvaardigheidstheorieën.....................................................................................................31
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, 5.1 Gedragsgeoriënteerde theorieën..........................................................................................................32
5.2 Regelgeoriënteerde theorieën..............................................................................................................34
Hoofdstuk 6: Rechtvaardigheids- stromingen.................................................................................................35
6.1 Theocratische stroming.........................................................................................................................35
6.2 Autocratische stroming.........................................................................................................................35
6.3 Democratische stroming.......................................................................................................................36
6.4 Natuurrechtelijke stroming...................................................................................................................37
6.4.1 Antieke natuurrecht...........................................................................................................................38
6.4.2 Christelijk-theologische natuurrecht..................................................................................................38
6.4.3 Verlicht natuurrecht...........................................................................................................................39
6.4.4 Mensenrechtelijk natuurrecht...........................................................................................................39
6.5 Utilitaristische stroming........................................................................................................................40
6.6 Historische stroming.............................................................................................................................40
6.7 Positivistische stroming.........................................................................................................................42
6.8 Nomocratische stroming.......................................................................................................................48
6.9 Egalitaire stroming................................................................................................................................49
6.10 Capability approach.............................................................................................................................51
DEEL II. FUNCTIES EN FINALITIET VAN RECHT.........................................................................................................53
Titel I. Functies van recht....................................................................................................................................53
Hoofdstuk 1: Gedragsafstemming..................................................................................................................54
1.1 Bevordering groepscohesie...................................................................................................................54
1.2 Conflictvermijding.................................................................................................................................55
1.3 Conflictverwerking................................................................................................................................58
Hoofdstuk 2: Besluitvorming binnen de groep...............................................................................................64
Titel II. Finaliteit van het recht............................................................................................................................66
Hoofdstuk 1. Codificatie..................................................................................................................................66
Hoofdstuk 2. Modificatie.................................................................................................................................68
2.1 Opkomst, technieken en oriëntatie......................................................................................................68
2.2 Welvaart en welbevinden.....................................................................................................................71
2.3 Limieten van de overheid......................................................................................................................74
DEEL III. NORMEN EN HUN SAMENHANG...............................................................................................................78
Titel I. Wat is een (rechts)norm?.........................................................................................................................78
Hoofdstuk 1. Descriptieve vs. prescriptieve normen......................................................................................78
1.1 ‘Norm’?..................................................................................................................................................78
1.2 Descriptieve normen (DN).....................................................................................................................79
1.3 Prescriptieve normen (PN)....................................................................................................................80
1.4 Recht = (minstens deels) sociaal feit.....................................................................................................82
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