Notes about the Photosynthesis Topic from Bioenergetics in the GCSE Biology Higher course. These notes are for revision and understanding. They are made using the specification and CGP revision guide.
Photosynthesis
Carbohydrates Chlorophyll
Light energy Without chlorophyll there would be no
Chlorophyll photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide + water --------->oxygen + glucose
Enzymes Variegated plants(green and white) will only store
starch where the plant was green
6CO2 + 6H2O -----> 6O2 + C6H12O6
Is an endothermic reaction Chlorophyll - to make chlorophyll the plant needs
magnesium ions from the soil and carbohydrates
Photosynthesis can be carried out if a plant has: (glucose)
→ light, CO2 and chlorophyll
Magnesium + glucose → chlorophyll
Once photosynthesis is carried out glucose will be
produced which is converted to starch through the Glucose
polymerization process which is then stored in the
leaves. Polymerization process
Glucose -----------------------> starch
Starch is:
- Bigger molecule than glucose Is used to:
- Insoluble in water - Respire - reacts with oxygen which releases
- So it is easier to store. energy for the cells to live and grow
- Made into sucrose
Starch is often stored in seeds of plants - Made into starch - it is a food store
For example starch is stored in potatoes in the winter - Made into cellulose - to strengthen plants
so the plant can survive but also so more potato - Made into other substances such as plant
plants can be grown in spring. oils
Most of the carbohydrates produced are used in Energy released from glucose in respiration:
respiration which can the provide the energy to - Changes sugars, nitrate & other mineral
produce large molecules like starch ions into amino acids which are then used to
make proteins
Plants need mineral ions to make amino acids & - Changes sugars into lipids & starch for
chlorophyll storage in seeds
- Changes sugars into cellulose for cell walls
Mainly used to turn smaller molecules into bigger
ones
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