Challenges to Elizabeth, Home and Abroad- GCSE Edexcel History Notes
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Course
History
Institution
GCSE
15 pages of class notes from grade 9/ A* student for Challenges to Elizabeth in the Early Elizabethan England Topic in GCSE Edexcel History. Includes the plots against Elizabeth, the Revolt of the Northern Earls and Mary Queen of Scots.
Contains in depth notes, evaluations and sample essay quest...
EARLY
ELIZABETHAN
ENGLAND
Challenges to Elizabeth, Home
and Abroad
GCSE Edexcel
Notes and Sample Essay Questions (EQ)
, Challenges to Elizabeth to home and abroad 1569- 88:
Mary Queen of Scots:
- The first 10 years of Elizabeth's reign from 1558- 68, was relatively peaceful
with no major challenges to her authority.
- Everything changed with the arrival of Mary Stewert following her overthrow in
1567 by the Scottish Lords.
- Mary quickly became a focus for disgruntled English Catholics who wanted a
restoration of the Catholic faith and plotted to remove Elizabeth from her
throne and replace her with Mary.
Who was Mary Queen of Scots and why was she a problem:
- In 1548, at age 6, Mary was sent to France to be brought up in the French
Court.
- In 1558, she was married to Francis, heir to the French throne; he became the
King of France in 1559.
- Scotland was being ruled by Mary’s French mother, Mary of Guise. Scotland
was a Catholic country but in 1559 Scottish nobles took control of the
government from Mary of Guise. The French threatened to invade but backed
down when Elizabeth sent an army, so Scotland was now a Protestant
country
- Elizabeth believed that the monarchs were chosen by God so she did not
approve of the rebellion. On the other hand, she did not want France in
control of Scotland so she supported the Scottish Protestant Lords.
- In 1561, following the death of her first husband, Francis, Mary returned to
Scotland.
- In 1565, Mary married Lord Darnley. Darney was related to Mary and also had
a distant claim to the English throne, so Mary strengthened her own claim to
the English throne by marrying him.
- Mary’s marriage to Darnley was a disaster. He was an unstable alcoholic and
he ordered the murder of Mary’s secretary, David Rizzio.
- In 1566, Mary gave birth to her son, James.
- In 1567, Darnley was found strangled in the garden of his house which had
been blown up. Mary then married Lord Bothwall, the chief suspect in
Darnley’s murder.
- The Scottish government were shocked by Mary’s behaviour and in 1567,
they forced her to abdicate and imprisoned her in Lochleven castle. But in
1568, she charmed her gaoler (someone who is in charge of a jail and/ or the
people in it) into helping her escape. She fled to the north west coast of
england.
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