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Topic: Units and their conversion (Whole Syllabus)
Q1 Write the SI unit and CGS unit of the following quantities:
Force; Moment of force; Moment of couple; Speed/Velocity; Distance; Work; Power;
Electric Current; Potential Difference; Resistance; Specific heat capacity; Heat Capacity Load;
Specific Latent heat capacity; Effort; Power of lens; Wavelength; Frequency
Amplitude
Topic: Formulae: Force, Work, Power, Energy and machines
Q2. Write the Formulae and Explain terms involved in the formulae
a. Moment of Force b. Moment of Couple c. Principle of Moments d. Work e. Kinetic Energy
f. Gravitational Potential Energy g. Power when Work and time is known h. Force i. Efficiency
j. Total Mechanical Energy k. Velocity Ratio l. Mechanical advantage
Topic: Definitions: Force, Work, Power, Energy and machines
Q3 Define the following
a. Force b. Work c. Power d.. Energy e. Moment of force f. Moment of Couple
g. Principle of moments h. Centre of Gravity i. Uniform circular motion j. Centripetal force
k. Centrifugal force/reaction l. Accelerated motion m. Joule n. electron volt o. newton p. calorieq.
KWh r. Kinetic energy s. Potential energy t. Mechanical energy u. Gravitational Potential Energy
v. Elastic Potential Energy w. Work-Energy theorem x. Machine y. Load z. Effort
a1. Law of conservation of energy a2. Clock wise and anticlockwise moments a3. Lever
a3. Mechanical Advantage a4. Velocity Ratio a5. Efficiency of a machine a6. Pulley
a7. Ideal Machine a8. Force multiplier a9. Speed Gainer b1. Block and Tackle b2. 1Kgf b3. Couple Force
Topic: Give Reasons: Force, Work, Power, Energy and machines
Q3 Give reasons for the following:
a. An object revolving around another object does no work.
b. Earth revolving around the sun is an accelerated motion
c.. Handle of a hand floor is given near its rim.
d. The door handle is placed at the free ends.
e. People in the top part of the double decker bus should not stand on foot board
f. Is any loss of energy while electron revolve around the nucleus? Give reason for your answer.
g. Which class of lever is used to lift a big stone lying in the park? Give reason for selecting the lever.
h. Mechanical advantage is always less than velocity ratio for any practical machine. Why?
Topic: Force
Q4 Answer the following questions:
a. State the conditions for the equilibrium of bodies.
b. State the factors on which moment of force depends?
c. Give the sign convention of anticlockwise and clockwise moments.
d. Give the relation between SI unit and CGS unit of Moment of force.
e. What is the other name given to moment of force?
Q5. a. Which of the following possess greater moment of force? (Options more than one is correct)
(i) Force exerts at 1ocm from the pivot point,
(ii) Force exerts at 5 cm from the pivot point,
(iii) Applying the force at free end to open the door.
, b. Give the two ways to change the direction of moment of force. Explain how does it affect to the
magnitude of moment of force if magnitude of force is same. Give an example each.
c. Why did the jack screw used to lift heavy loads is given a long handle.
d. The rotation of door is an example of moment of couple. Justify the statement.
e. Beam balance is example of which type of equilibrium
Q6. a. What is meant by equilibrium of bodies? State the types of equilibrium. Give an example each.
b. Mention the point of application of force and its
direction
to get maximum turning effect in the following
devices.
c. State the force act as a centripetal force when
(i) electrons move around the nucleus in a circular
path. (ii) a stone tied at the end of a string is whirled
in a
circular path holding its other end in the hand
d. Which of the forces among centripetal and
centrifugal is called a (i) real force? (ii) virtual force?
e. State the direction of Centripetal force and centrifugal
reaction.
Numerical:
1. A stone of mass 50kg is lifted by using a long rigid road of length 2.5 m. If the stone lay at 0.5m distance
from fulcrum. Find the maximum turning effect acts on the stone. Draw a schematic diagram for the
arrangement
2. A boy of mass 20kg is sitting at one end of the see-saw of length 4m. How do other boy of mass 40kg
balances the see-saw by sitting at opposite side? Mention the point of application of force.
3. A flower of length 16 cm raised from a plant and bends due to wind blow. Find (i) the minimum force
applied on the flower by the wind to get maximum turning effect of 20 Nm. (ii) Point of application of force.
4. In the given picture the toy drinks water and omit again. If the length of
the duck tube is 2ocm and fixed at 8 cm from bottom. Find the weight of
water
filled in duck tube to make duck turns to vertical position by 200 gf cm.
5. A steering wheel is turned by applying minimum force 5 N to get
maximum turning effect of 2 Nm. Find the diameter of the wheel.
6. A worker in a work shop removing a nut using a spanner of length 3ocm by
applying least force. if the magnitude of moment of force is double the force applied by him find the Force
and moment of force acting on the nut.
7. A bicycle peddle has length 25 cm from the centre of the big wheel to get maximum turning effect of 5 Nm.
Find (i) the force acting on the peddle. (ii) the change in moment of force if the force is doubled.
8. A crane is catching a fish in the water. If the length of neck from head region is 0.4 m and the crane apply
force of 2 N on head region to catch the fish, find the maximum turning effect produced by the neck.
9. Find the resultant moment of force in the beside figure.
, Topic: Work, power and energy
01. Give the two factors on which work done by a force depend.
02. Is any work done when a coolie carrying load and waiting for a bus? Why?
03. Is work done by a force on a body if there is no displacement of the body? What about its energy? Explain.
04. A truck is carrying a load in the direction of the force exerted by the engine. What will be the work done by
gravitational force? justify your answer.
05. What is the main energy transformation in the nuclear power reactor?
06. Work done by a force of gravity is same whether the body comes down from a certain height using stairs or
slope or a lift (elevator). Justify the statement.
07. Can a boy, running on frictionless platform, do any work? Justify your answer.
08. When a stone is thrown vertically upwards, (i) what will be the velocity of the stone at the maximum height
it
reached? (ii) state the work done by gravitational force on the stone? (iii) which formula is used to find the
velocity of the stone just before reaching the ground?
09. Where does an arrow shoot by a bow get energy from?
10. State the energy transformation in the following: (i) Photosynthesis (ii) an Electric cell while using (iii)
thermocouple (iv) Battery while charging (v) ball falling certain height (vi) An arrow left from bow
(vii) Pendulum while oscillating
Numerical: (Take the value of g = 10 m/s2)
1. If a body is moving from A region to B region and returned in the same path. If AB distance is 10 km
and weight of the boy is 20 kgf, find (i) Work done from A to B (ii) Work done from B to A (iii)
Resultant work done by the body.
2. A pump of power 1kW is used to lift water from the depth of 50 m. If the efficiency of the pump is
80%, Find the mass of water lifted by the pump
3. The two oxen carrying an 80 kg of natural fertilizer from home to field of distance 1.5 km with the
average speed of 2 m/s. find the work done by the oxen. If the efficiency of the work is 90% then find
the energy loss during the work.
4. A man of mass 60 kg climbed a vertical coconut tree in 20 min to pluck the tender coconuts. He used
the power to do the work is 500W. Find the height of the tree.
5. An UPS consumes 800 J of electrical energy each second while charging. If the efficiency of the UPS is
75% and it is charged 2 hours, then find the work done by the UPS on a bulb rating 60W to glow it 4
hours continuously.
6. Bacteria consumes 2 J of energy in 5 seconds in a fermentation process. If it increases its power by 2W
more than before then compare the powers exerted by the bacteria. Compare its work done in both the
cases.
7. The speed of a moving bike is halved. How does its kinetic energy of the bike changes?
8. A boy is running at a speed of 1.2 m/s on a road. If his speed is doubled give the ratio of initial kinetic
energy to the final kinetic energy.
9. Two cars of same mass travelled to distance 30 km at the speed of 108 km/h. (i) Find the ratio of their
work done (ii) Find the ratio of their kinetic energy if the speed is halved
10. A pendulum has kinetic energy 160 J at its mean position in a frictionless medium. Find the potential
energy of the bob at extreme position. If the mass of the bob is 50 gf, find the amplitude of the
pendulum.
, Topic: Machines
1. Which among Efficiency, velocity ratio and Mechanical advantage, is not changed for any change in the
practical machine.
a. Can a machine increase the work? Justify your answer.
b. Which of the following are examples of class 1 lever?
Nut cutter, knife, bottle opener, crow bar, spade of a rowing boat, a pair of scissors, shears, pliers.
c. What will be the moment of force of a body when the force is applied on the pivot point?
d. State the position where minimum force is applied to close or open the doors.
e. Which class of lever is beneficial to hit a mango hanging in the tree to drop using a pebble?
f. The balancing of see-saw is an example of ………………. equilibrium.
2. If the resultant anticlockwise moments is more than clockwise moments acting on a body, then the body
rotates in …………….. Direction
3. The force is applied on the spoon near broad surface to take food. Why?
4. 10. State the position of fulcrum of a scissor used (i) as metal cutter (ii) paper cutter. Give reason for
your answer.
5. Which pulley is suitable for lifting a load by applying the effort half of the load.
6. In a block and tackle if the load is lifted by 5 threads then V.R of the block and tackle is ……………….
7. Which class of lever fishing rod is? State whether it is force multiplier or speed gainer?
8. Give any two examples for the levers used as force multiplier.
9. Bottle opener can be used as both class 1 and class 2. Justify your answer with the help of line diagrams.
10. A block and tackle is used to lift a load 2000 kgf. by applying 400 kgf. effort. (I) What is the mechanical
advantage of the block and tackle. (ii) State the number of pulleys in movable block. (iii) How does the
effort related to number of tensions in thread.
11. Give an example to a machine used to change the point of application of force (effort).
12. Is nail cutter used as Force multiplier/speed gainer/to change convenient direction to effort?
13. Give any two examples of machine used as (i) only force multiplier (ii) only speed gainer (iii) Both
force multiplier and speed gainer simultaneously.
14. Can class 1 lever be used as a force multiplier and speed gainer at different situations by changing the
position of fulcrum? Draw diagram to justify the answer.
15. How do you distinguish between a lever of the first order from a second or a third order lever?
16. The mechanical advantage of a lever of class 3 is less than 1. Why are these levers then used?
17. In case of ideal machine, the ratio of mechanical advantage to velocity ratio is …………….
18. Recognise the class of lever of the following devices.
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