Chart of common athletic injuries to the lower limbs. Each listed injury mentions the injury mechanisms, damaged tissue(s) and/or structure(s), anatomical landmarks, symptoms, treatment/management, and any applicable stress tests.
Inversion Sprain - rolling ankle when Possible damaged - lateral malleolus - localized pain - Rule out a fracture - ROM tests
foot does not land tissues: - styloid process of - tenderness to first - Stability testing
properly while - Calcaneofibular the 5th metatarsal touch - RICE - Anterior Drawer
skateboarding Ligament - calcaneus - swelling - Ankle taping Test
- overstretching of - Anterior Talofibular - possible - Medical referral - Talar Tilt
ligament due to Ligament discoloration/bruisin Test/Inversion
excessive joint - Peroneus Brevis g Stress Test
movement Tendon - possible loss of - Squeeze Test
ankle strength
Possible fracture at depending on its
the styloid process severity/instability of
, of the 5th ankle
metatarsal - stiffness
Eversion Sprain - rolling ankle when Possible damaged - medial malleolus - localized pain - Rule out a fracture - ROM tests
foot does not land tissues: - calcaneus - tenderness to first - Stability testing
properly while - Deltoid ligament touch - RICE - Anterior Drawer
skateboarding - swelling - Ankle taping Test
- overstretching of - possible - Medical referral - Eversion Talar Tilt
ligament due to discoloration/bruisin Test/Eversion
excessive joint g Stress Test
movement - possible loss of - Squeeze Test
ankle strength
depending on its
severity/instability of
ankle
- stiffness
Achilles Tendonitis - lack of proper - Achilles tendon - calcaneus - pain and stiffness - rest - Thompson Test:
flexibility in the calf with movement - ice Thompson Test -
muscles (cannot - pain along the - physical therapy Physiopedia
withstand forceful tendon or back of - night splints
skateboarding the heel that - supportive shoes
activities) worsens with and orthotics
- Overuse/pressure activity - medication
placed on feet while - localized swelling - surgery
skateboarding - more noticeable in
- Over-pronation, the morning
overstretching or - symptoms slightly
overuse alleviate through
mild exercise
- severe pain the
day after exercising
- thickening of the
tendon
Blisters - broken - skin n/a - localized - disinfect n/a
blood (epidermis bubble and cover
vessels specifically filled with it
pool blood ) either clear - if
and form a or bloody necessary,
blister liquid pop by
- friction - bubble using a
- heat/burns painful or sanitized
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