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Samenvatting Woordenlijst European justice and home affairs
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Volledige woordenlijst van 'European justice and home affairs'
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Samenvatting BOEK + LESSEN european and international justice
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Samenvatting European and International Justice, Home Affairs and Security Policy
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Samenvatting handboek 2022-2023
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Word list Justice, Home affairs and securityInleiding: Council of Europe and European Union
Intergovernemental organization =
- Between governments
- Everyone on the same page
- Decision making based on unanimity
- None of the member give of their national sovereignty
Supranational organization =
- Majority vote (thus not accepted by every country)
Convention for the Protection of human rights and fundamental freedom (ECHR) = first
instrument of the Council of Europe, and the first European Instrument for the protection of
human rights
Schengen
Flanking measures = mechanisms to make it work in practice
Carriers liability = anyone who brings third-country nationals into Schengen is liable for the
repatriation costs when that person does not have the required documents
Obligation to register = providers of accomodations were obliged to register name,
citizenship and documents of all their guests
Handling asylum = to allow other states who are confronted with the application of asylum
seeker who had first entered the Schengen-area elswheere to return the asylum seeker to
country of first entry
Eurodac = EU-wide database where they store the fingerprints of asylum applicants to make
it possible to avoid asylum fraud
VIS = to facilitatie information exchange, it allows Schengen countries to exchange visa
information
Operational police and judicial cooperation = SIC made an improved cooperation between
the police and the judicial authorities to compensate for the removal of internal borders and to
respond on the possibility for criminals to abuse their right to move freelu
SIS = Schengen information system, allows competent authorities to monitor the Schengen
external border and to issue alerts in their national part of SIS
EES = Entry/exit system will replace the current system of stamping passports, it aims at
modernizing extern border control
- It will facilitatie the border crossing of bona fida travellers
- It will reinforce internal security and the fight against terrosism and crime
,ETIAS = European travel information and authorization system, it aims at strengthening the
security of travel under visa-free agreements to Schengen-area
Back to Schengen roadmap = European Commission released it, it recalls that Schengen is
one of the biggest achievements of Europe integration
Security Union Strategy = European Commission repeated the need to reform the Schengen
borders code
EU passenger name record (PNR) directive = obliges air carriers to collect PNR data for
every fight entering/exciting the EU and to transfer these to the EU member EU member
states can use these information for prevention or detection of terrorism and serious crimes
New Schengen strategy, prioritizing:
1) Effective external border management
2) Measures compensating for the absence of internal borders
3) Robust government
Nordic Passport Union = Union between Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Norway and Iceland
where border controls on persons were abolished
Assesment and application commission who assessed for each member state:
- How border controls and surveillance was organized
- Visas in practice
- Political and judicial cooperation at the internal borders
- How SIS is used
COMIX = the interests of the non-EU Schengen countries are taken into this. It consists of
representatives from Norway, Iceland, Switzerland and Liechtenstein, the council of Europe
and the European Commission. The representatives of the countries can do suggestions, they
discusse these suggestions, member states or the Commission can take this into consideration
to make a proposal.
Mixed instruments = some parts of the articles shall be applied in relations with Norway,
Iceland, Switzerland and Liechtenstein, other parts are limited to the EU-members
Prüm-convention = closer cooperation between Benelux, Germany, Spain, France and
Austria to increase their cooperation in the fight against terrorism and go beyond the existing
EU mechanisms.
- 2008: integrated in the EU structures
European Union
European Political cooperation = intergovernmental track of integration to discuss aspects
of the common foreign policy and international cooperation in justice and home affairs
Foreign policy (buitenlands beleid) = first policy area of European political cooperation on
which member states agreed to act in corporate fashion adhv semi-final meetings
= basis for what would become the European Union’s second pillar
, Mutual assistance group (MAG) = this was founded to organize the mutual assistance in
customs administration that the participating states would provide (by Naples I Convention)
TREVI = biannual gathering of ministers to discuss issues of public order
European convention on the Supression of terrorism = they agreed that terrorism wasn’t a
political exception
- Later on art. 13 was used which allowed the states to make a declaration in which thet
have the possibility to call on the exception
Dublin agreement = the EEC member states agreed to aply a strict interpretation of the
Europen Terrorism convention by not using art. 13
Ad hoc immigration group = the ministers of home affairs established this to coordinate the
member states asylum and immigration policy
Single European act = this says that for EC citizens the control at the internal border would
be limited to prove the EC-citizenship
Rhodes group = these group was given the responsibility to reacht the goal to elaborate the
EC citizens control to a complete removal
Dublin convention on asylum seekers = this convention determines which state is
responsible for examing an application for asylum made in one of the EC member states
- It has a dual intention
Aims to prevent that asylum seekers supply for asylum in multiple countries
only to be denied each time
Ensures that a member states’ decision does not render void the decision of
another member state
Amsterdam and Nice Treaty
Regulation = not intented to address a specific person or situation + applicable in all member
states + binding in their entirety
Directive = only addresses to member states (not their citizens) + the member states have to
implement it into national law + solely binding in time and to the goal
Resolutions = addresses a specific state or private actor + legally binding in their entirety vis
a vis the person or state
Recommendations and interpretative guidelines = never binding
Joint strategy (gemeenschapelijke strategie) = determined both the objectives to be achieved
and the timing and means to be provided by the member states
Joint action (gemeenschappelijk optreden) = the member states could engage in a
coordinated action
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