,Urbanisation - An increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas compared to rural
areas. An urban area is a built up area such as a town or city. A rural area is an area of
countryside.
How do rates of urbanisation vary around the world?
South America has the greatest change in rate of urbanisation with a difference of 40% over 70
years.
Increase in migration from rural to urban land. Higher increase in birth rates than death rates
Population of Urban areas Overtime
Nigeria -
1. 110 million (2020)
2. 144 million (2030)
3. 181 million (2040)
4. 218 million (2050)
India -
1. 463 million (2020)
2. 590 million (2030)
3. 734 million (2040)
4. 875 million (2050)
China -
1. 787 million (2020)
2. 905 million (2030)
3. 987 million (2040)
4. 1038 million (2050)
Germany -
1. 61 million (2020)
2. 61 million (2030)
3. 60 million (2040)
4. 59 million (2050)
United States -
1. 294 million (2020)
2. 322 million (2030)
3. 345 million (2040)
4. 365 million (2050)
LAGOS - NEE Case Study for Urban Issues and Challenges
The location and importance of Lagos
, Lagos is the largest city in Nigeria which itself is the most populous country in Africa. Lagos, on the border
with Benin, was the capital of Nigeria until 1991 when the government moved to Abuja.
Key facts:
● Population: 15 million people (2015 estimate)
● Average earnings: £670 per year (2012)
● Gross Domestic Product: £18 billion (total value of goods and services)
● Waste: 10,000 tonnes per day
● Religion: 68% christian, large minority muslim
Lagos has retained its importance as about 80% of Nigeria’s industry is based around Lagos and now is
the main financial centre in west Africa. The city also has a major international airport and a busy seaport.
Changes in Growth in Lagos
The population has grown rapidly in Lagos since1960 from a
population less than 1 million in 1960 to 15 million in 1990 and up to
15 million in 2015.
Push factors for Rural-Urban migration
● Farming pays low wages but requires lots of hard wages
● Education and health services are poor in rural areas
● Political unrest creates insecurity. The terrorist group Boko
Haram is active in northern nigeria
Pull factors for Rural-Urban migration
● Increased and wages as well as a wider range of job
opportunities
● Better healthcare services and education
Opportunities in Lagos
Education
There are more schools and universities in Lagos than you find
outside the city. If you are educated, you are more likely to find a
job in growing industries like finance, film or fashion.
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