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Chapter 05 Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases TEST BANK PATHOPHYSIOLOGY THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN$3.18
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Chapter 05 Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases TEST BANK PATHOPHYSIOLOGY THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN
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Course
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Institution
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
1. The data reporting that sickle cell disease affects approximately 1 in 600 American blacks is an example of which concept?
a. Incidence
b. Prevalence
c. Ratio
d. Risk
ANS: B
Prevalence rate is the proportion of the population affected by a disease at a specific point in time. Thus ...
Test Bank - Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition)
, Test Bank - Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition)
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The data reporting that sickle cell disease affects approximately 1 in 600 American blacks is an
example of which concept?
a. Incidence
b. Prevalence
c. Ratio
d. Risk
ANS: B
Prevalence rate is the proportion of the population affected by a disease at a specific point in time.
Thus both the incidence rate and the length of the survival period in affected individuals determine
prevalence. The incidence rate is the number of new cases of a disease reported during a specific
period (typically 1 year), divided by the number of individuals in the population. A numerical
expression representing a part of a larger whole or proportion is considered a ratio. Any factor that
increases the chance of disease or injury is considered a risk.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
2. The ratio of the disease among the exposed population to the disease rate in an unexposed population is
referred to as what type of risk?
a. Attributable
b. Contingency
c. Causal
d. Relative
ANS: D
A common measure of the effect of a specific risk factor is the relative risk. Assuming a factor is the
cause of a disease, attributable risk is the amount of risk that is due to that factor. A future event or
circumstance that is possible but cannot be predicted with certainty is a contingency risk. The
probability of the outcome is termed a causal risk factor.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
3. What are empirical risks for most multifactorial diseases based on?
a. Chromosomal testing
b. Direct observation
c. Liability thresholds
d. Relative risks
ANS: B
For most multifactorial diseases, empirical risks (i.e., risks based on direct observation of data) have
been derived. Chromosomal testing, liability thresholds, and relative risks are not the basis for
determining the empirical risk of most multifactorial diseases.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
4. What is the cause of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH)?
a. Diet high in saturated fats
b. Increased production of cholesterol by the liver
c. Reduction in the number of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors on cell surfaces
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