CWCA Exam Practice Questions With Complete Solution | Latest

Which of the following extends from a wound under normal tissue and connects two structures, such as the wound and an organ? a. Undermining b. Fistula c. Tunneling d. Abscess - ANSWER B: A fistula extends under normal tissue away from the wound and connects two structures, such as the wound and an organ or the wound and the skin. A patient has a wound on the right hip with tunneling and fistulae. Which of the following is MOST indicative of an abscess formation? a. Increased purulent discharge b. Increased wound pain c. Increased erythema and swelling at wound perimeter d. Erythematous, painful, swollen area 3 cm from wound perimeter - ANSWER D: Abscesses often form in conjunction with fistulae. Typical indications include erythema, pain, and swelling above the localized area of the abscess. Which of the following laboratory tests is the most effective to monitor acute changes in nutritional status? a. Total protein b. Albumin c. Prealbumin d. Transferrin - ANSWER C: Prealbumin is most commonly monitored for acute changes. Normal value: 16 to 40 mg/dL. Mild deficiency: 10 to 15mg/dL Moderate deficiency: 5 to 9 mg/dL. Severe deficiency: 5 mg/dL. On the eighth day of wound care, granulation tissue is evident about the wound perimeter, and the wound is beginning to contract. The wound is in which of the following phases of healing? a. Proliferation b. Inflammation c. Hemostasis d. Maturation - ANSWER A: Proliferation (days 5 to 20) is characterized by granulation tissue starting to form at wound perimeter, contracting the wound, and epithelialization, resulting in scar formation. Which of the following is the correct procedure for applying ELMA cream? a. Thin layer for 15 minutes, leaving the wound open b. Thick layerxtending 1/2 inch, cover with plastic wrap for 20 to 60 minutes c.Thick layer then cover with plastic wrap for 15 minutes d. Thin layer then a dry dressing for 20 to 60 minutes - ANSWER B: Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics is applied thickly to both the surface of the wound and surrounding tissue, extending about 1/2 inch past the wound. The wound must be covered with plastic wrap for 20 to 60 minutes to numb the tissue. EMLA cream is effective for about an hour. When doing a routine dressing change for a healing decubitus ulcer on the right hip, which is the most appropriate cleaning solution? a. Povidone-iodine solution b. Hydrogen peroxide c. Alcohol d. Normal saline - ANSWER D: Normal saline is the most appropriate wound-cleansing solution. Which of the following wound irrigation devices will provide approximately 8 psi in irrigant pressure to the wound surface? a. 35-mL syringe with 19-gauge Angiocath b. 250-mL squeeze bottle c. Bulb syringe d. 6-mL syringe with 19-gauge Angiocath - ANSWER A: A 35-mL syringe with 19-gauge needle provides irrigation pressure at about 8 psi. Which of the following is the most important criterion when assessing a patient's level of wound pain? a. Patient's behavior b. Type of wound c. Patient's report of pain d. Patient's facial expression - ANSWER C: Perceptions and expressions of pain vary widely from one individual to another, so the most important criterion for evaluating pain is the patient's own report of pain. Which of the following is likely to have the MOST negative effect on wound healing for a 65-yearold woman? a. Hypoalbuminemia b. BMI of 20.2 c. BMI of 28 d. Vegan diet - ANSWER A: Hypoalbuminemia is likely to have the most negative effect on wound healing. Which of the following is the most definitive method for obtaining a wound specimen for culture and sensitivities? a. Tissue biopsy b. Sterile swab of wound c. Needle biopsy d. Sterile swab of discharge - ANSWER A: The most definitive method of obtaining a wound specimen for culture and sensitivities is with a tissue biopsy. A patient with an infected abdominal wound is taking a number of drugs. Which of the following is most likely to impair healing? a. Phenytoin b. Corticosteroid c. Prostaglandin d. Estrogen - ANSWER B: Corticosteroids may impair wound healing by interfering with vascular proliferation and epithelialization. A burn extending through the dermis with obvious blistering would be classified as: a. First degree b. Second degree c. Third degree d. Full thickness - ANSWER B: A burn extending through the dermis with obvious blistering would be classified as a seconddegree burn. Which of the following results from smoking cigarettes? a. Vasodilation b. Vasoconstriction c. Increased oxygen transport d. Increased oxygen tension - ANSWER B: The nicotine in cigarettes is a powerful vasoconstrictor and interferes with oxygen transport. When calculating the ankle-brachial index (ABI), if the ankle systolic pressure is 90 and the brachial systolic pressure is 120, what is the ABI? a. 1.33 b. 13.3 c. 7.5 d. 0.75 - ANSWER D: The ankle-brachial index (ABI) examination evaluates peripheral arterial disease of the lower extremities. Using transcutaneous oxygen pressure measurement (TCPO2), which of the following values indicates that oxygenation is adequate for healing? a. 18 mm Hg b. 20 mm Hg c. 30 mm Hg d. 42 mm Hg - ANSWER . D: Transcutaneous oxygen pressure measurement (TCPO2) is a noninvasive test that measures dermal oxygen, to show the effectiveness of oxygen in the skin and tissues. The method of closure that involves leaving the wound open and allowing it to close naturally through granulation and epithelialization is healing by: a. Primary or first intention b. Secondary or second intention c. Tertiary or third intention d. Quaternary prevention - ANSWER B: Secondary healing (healing by second intention) involves leaving the wound open and allowing it to close through granulation and epithelialization.