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NR503 - Epidemiology Midterm Exam
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NR503 - Epidemiology Midterm Exam
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NR503 - Epidemiology MidtermExam
prevalence - -number of existing cases / number of population
-incidence - -number of new cases / number of persons at risk of developing
disease
-relationship between incidence and prevalence - -prevalence =
incidenceXduration
-relationship between incidence rate and mortality rate - -mortality rate
easier to obtain than incidence
- use when case-fatality rate is high
- use when duration of disease is short
-importance of surveillance - -- monitor changes in disease frequency
- monitor changes in levels of risk factors
- conducted for infectious disease
-passive surveillance - -- disease reporting is mandated or requested with
responsibility for reporting often falling on health care provider or health
officer
- depends on individual and staff
- relatively inexpensive
- easy to develop initally
-active surveillance - -- project staff recruited to carry out surveillance
program
- more accurate b/c it is conducted by individuals who have been specifically
employed to carry out responsibilities
-numerator - -number of health events
-denominator - -population at risk
-absolute risk - -- incidence of disease in population
- indicates magnitudes of risk in group of people with certain exposure
- does not indicate whether exposure is associated with an increased risk of
disease
-relative risk - -- risk of exposed / risk of unexposed
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