Statistics For Criminology And Criminal Justice 4th Edition Bachman - Test Bank
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Statistics Test Bank
Chapter 1: The Purpose of Statistics in the Criminological Sciences
Test Bank
1. Which type of research seeks to identify cases and effects of social phenomena, to predict how dependent variable will change or vary in response to variation in the independent variable?
a. Descriptive
*b. Explan...
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,Bachman & Paternoster, Statistics for Criminology and Criminal Justice 4th Edition
Instructor Resource
Chapter 1: The Purpose of Statistics in the Criminological Sciences
Test Bank
1. Which type of research seeks to identify cases and effects of social phenomena, to predict how
dependent variable will change or vary in response to variation in the independent variable?
a. Descriptive
*b. Explanatory
c. Evaluation
d. Case Study
@ Answer Location: The Role of Statistical Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice: Explanatory
Research; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Question Type: MC
2. A researcher is analyzing one’s fear of crime and how gender, race, class, and age all have an effect.
Which would be the dependent variable?
a. Gender
b. Class
c. Age
*d. Fear of Crime
@ Answer Location: The Role of Statistical Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice: Explanatory
Research; Cognitive Domain: Application; Question Type: MC
3. Which of the following would NOT be an example of evaluation research?
a. Analyzing the effect the D.A.R.E. program has on students using drugs
b. Analyzing a reading intervention program to understand if students’ literacy levels increased
*c. Analyzing the concentration of gun crimes in hot spots
d. Analyzing the effect of job training and education programs on the likelihood of recidivism by ex-felons
@ Answer Location: The Role of Statistical Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice: Evaluation
Research; Cognitive Domain: Application; Question Type: MC
4. A _________________ is a smaller group of data that is selected from a population.
a. micro-group
*b. sample
c. sub-sample
d. sampling error
@ Answer Location: Populations and Samples; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Question Type: MC
5. What is considered to be the fundamental aspect of probability sampling?
a. Populations
b. Samples
c. Unbiased selection
*d. Random selection
@ Answer Location: How Do We Obtain a Sample; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Question Type: MC
6. If you wanted to select a sample by generating random numbers to select cases from the population,
which type of sampling would you use?
*a. Simple random sample
b. Systematic random sample
c. Multistage cluster sample
d. Stratified sample
@ Answer Location: Probability Sampling Techniques: Simple Random Samples; Cognitive Domain:
Comprehension; Question Type: MC
7. Which type of sampling technique allows the researcher to select subjects based solely on
convenience?
,Bachman & Paternoster, Statistics for Criminology and Criminal Justice 4th Edition
Instructor Resource
a. Simple random sample
b. Quota sample
*c. Availability sample
d. Purposive sample
@ Answer Location: Nonprobability Sampling Techniques: Availability Samples; Cognitive Domain:
Comprehension; Question Type: MC
8. Which type of statistic involves collecting, organizing, and summarizing data?
a. Inferential
b. Experimental
*c. Descriptive
d. Sample
@Answer Location: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics; Cognitive Domain: Application; Question Type:
MC
9. The larger the sampling error, the _________________ representative the sample is of the population.
*a. less
b. more
c. same
d. better
@Answer Location: Validity in Criminological Research; Cognitive Domain: Application; Question Type:
MC
10. If a researcher was trying to analyze drug use among high school students and gave the survey at
several different points in time to ensure the results were approximately the same, for what would the
researcher check their measure?
a. Sample quality
b. Sample error
c. Validity
*d. Reliability
@Answer Location: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Question Type:
MC
11. Random surveys are the best way to gather information about the magnitude of violent victimization
according to many social scientists?
*a. True
b. False
@ Answer Location: The Role of Statistical Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice; Cognitive
Domain: Knowledge; Question Type: TF
12. When a research seeks to identify the cause and effect of a social phenomenon, they are participating
in evaluation research.
a. True
*b. False
@ Answer Location: The Role of Statistical Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice: Explanatory
Research; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Question Type: TF
13. The true experimental design is a very strong research method for determining the effects of
programs or policies.
*a. True
b. False
@ Answer Location: The Role of Statistical Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice: Evaluation
Research; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Question Type: TF
, Bachman & Paternoster, Statistics for Criminology and Criminal Justice 4th Edition
Instructor Resource
14. Evaluation research tests theory whereas explanatory research is used to determine whether an
implemented program or policy had the intended outcomes.
a. True
*b. False
@ Answer Location: The Role of Statistical Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice: Evaluation
Research; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Question Type: TF
15. Those who are included in the sample are also included in the population.
*a. True
b. False
@ Answer Location: Population and Samples; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Question Type: TF
16. Sampling error can be defined as the difference between the characteristics of a sample and the
characteristics of the population from which it was selected.
*a. True
b. False
@ Answer Location: Population and Samples; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Question Type: TF
17. Nonprobability sampling methods allow us to know in advance the likelihood that any element will be
selected from the population.
a. True
*b. False
@ Answer Location: How Do We Obtain a Sample; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Question Type:
TF
18. If a researcher wanted to obtain a systematic random sample, they would extract clusters from a
sample that is available and then sample the element of interest.
a. True
*b. False
@ Answer Location: Probability Sampling Techniques; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Question
Type: TF
19. A reliable measure is one that will produce consistent results as long as the phenomenon being
measured is not changing.
*a. True
b. False
@ Answer Location: Validity in Criminological Research: Reliability; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension;
Question Type: TF
20. Measurement validity is concerned with the assertion that an independent variable did cause the
dependent variable to change.
a. True
*b. False
@ Answer Location: Validity in Criminological Research: Causal Validity; Cognitive Domain:
Comprehension; Question Type: TF
21. What is descriptive, explanatory and evaluation research? Give two examples of each.
*Answers may vary
Descriptive research describes the social phenomena that the researcher is investigating. Student should
then list two examples of descriptive research.
Explanatory research seeks to identify causes and effects of social phenomena, to predict how one
phenomenon will change or vary in response to variation in some other phenomenon. Student should
then give two examples.
Evaluation research seeks to determine the effects of a social program, policy, or other type of
intervention. Student should then give two examples.
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