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Sumario Resúmen - Epilepsias Específicas

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Explicación de Epilepsias Específicas, cada una detallada con su factor de riesgo y clínicamente explicada.

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  • September 4, 2023
  • 3
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary
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EPILEPSIAS ESPECIFICAS
CRISIS NEONATALES BENIGNAS:
•Patrón genético
•Crisis del 3er día.
•Crisis generalizadas.
•EEG: Patrón teta punta alternante característico.
•Buen pronóstico, bajo riesgo de desarrollar epilepsia.

SÍNDROME DE OHTAHARA:
•También llamada Encefalopatía Epiléptica infantil temprana
•Está asociada a hemorragia y asfixia neonatal (40%) e Idiopática (60%).
•Inicia en el primer mes de vida
•Espasmos tónicos
•EEG: Patrón característico de brote y supresión, tanto en vigilia como en
sueño (Sx Brote ahora)
•Pronóstico pobre
•Tratamiento:Fenitoína

CRISIS FEBRILES:
•De los 3 meses a los 5 años
•Tonico-clonica.
•Buen pronóstico
•Riesgo aumentado de desarrollar esclerosis mesial temporal.
•FR para desarrollar epilepsia
➔ Duración mayor de 15 minutos
➔ Datos de focalidad
➔ Rigidez de nuca
➔ Más de 1 crisis en 24 hrs.

SÍNDROME DE WEST
•Triada característica
➔ Hipsarritmia interictal
➔ Espasmos infantiles
➔ Regresión del desarrollo
•Algunos pacientes con West evolucionan a Síndrome de Lennox Gastaut.
•Tratamiento de elección: Vigabatrina (toxicidad retiniana).

SÍNDROME DE DRAVET
•Mutación del canal SCN1A (Canal de sodio).
•Inicio usualmente al 1er año de edad.
•Hay deterioro cognitivo y usualmente coincide con el inicio de crisis
miodonicas y retraso psicomotor.
•Mal pronóstico.

EPILEPSIA DE AUSENCIA INFANTIL
•Edad escolar (niñez)
•Desencadenados por hiperventilación

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