Hoofdstuk 1 Inleiding ...................................................................................................................................... 5
1.1 Wat dit boek is .............................................................................................................................................. 6
1.2 Wat bedoelen we met beeld? ....................................................................................................................... 6
1.3 Beeld en vorm ............................................................................................................................................... 6
1.4 Beeld en tekst ............................................................................................................................................... 6
1.5 De kracht van beeld met tekst ...................................................................................................................... 6
1.6 Communicatief-retorisch .............................................................................................................................. 6
1.7 Drie theoretische scholen ............................................................................................................................. 6
Hoofdstuk 2 Beeldgeletterdheid ..................................................................................................................... 7
2.1 Definities genoeg .......................................................................................................................................... 7
2.2 Twee perspectieven ...................................................................................................................................... 7
2.3 Vaardigheden en kennis ............................................................................................................................... 7
Context: Beeldgeletterdheid-lijstje ..................................................................................................................... 7
2.4 Gestalt, semiotiek, visuele retorica............................................................................................................... 7
Context: Beeldclichés als buitenkans .................................................................................................................. 7
Context: Magritte en de dino’s van Burian ......................................................................................................... 7
2.5 Iteratief proces ............................................................................................................................................. 8
Hoofdstuk 3 Waarom beeldtaal?..................................................................................................................... 9
3.1 Doet complexiteit recht ................................................................................................................................ 9
3.2 Vertelt een universele boodschap ................................................................................................................. 9
3.3 Vertelt, bewijst, overtuigt ............................................................................................................................. 9
3.4 Maakt vergelijken mogelijk .......................................................................................................................... 9
3.5 Prikkelt, emotioneert, kwetst en vermaakt .................................................................................................. 9
Context: Beelden trekken meer aandacht dan tekst. ......................................................................................... 9
Hoofdstuk 4 Gestalt ...................................................................................................................................... 10
4.1 Gestalt = eenvoud ....................................................................................................................................... 10
4.2 Wet van eenvoud ........................................................................................................................................ 10
4.3 Wet van voorgrond en achtergrond ........................................................................................................... 10
4.4 Wet van nabijheid....................................................................................................................................... 10
4.5 Wet van overeenkomst ............................................................................................................................... 10
4.6 Wet van symmetrie .................................................................................................................................... 10
4.7 Wet van gelijke achtergrond ...................................................................................................................... 10
4.8 Wet van gelijke bestemming ...................................................................................................................... 11
4.9 Wet van ingeslotenheid .............................................................................................................................. 11
4.10 Wet van ingevulde hiaat ........................................................................................................................... 11
4.11 Wet van continuïteit ................................................................................................................................. 11
1
, 4.12 Wet van ervaring ...................................................................................................................................... 11
4.13 Gestalt als totaalbeleving ......................................................................................................................... 11
Hoofdstuk 5 Semiotiek .................................................................................................................................. 12
5.1 Tekens om ons heen ................................................................................................................................... 12
5.2 Drie soorten tekens volgens Peirce ............................................................................................................. 12
5.3 Betekenislagen: de theorie van Barthes ..................................................................................................... 12
5.4 Wie heeft gelijk: Barthes of Peirce? ............................................................................................................ 12
5.5 Semiotische theorie nu ............................................................................................................................... 13
5.6 Is er één betekenis van een teken? ............................................................................................................. 13
5.7 Belang van doelgroepen ............................................................................................................................. 13
5.8 Wat hebben we aan deze kennis? .............................................................................................................. 13
Hoofstuk 6 Visuele retorica ........................................................................................................................... 14
6.1 Klassieke retorica: overtuigingskunst ......................................................................................................... 14
6.2 Moderne retorica ........................................................................................................................................ 14
6.3 Retorica en het beeld .................................................................................................................................. 14
6.4 Ethos, pathos en logos ................................................................................................................................ 15
6.5 Kairos: het juiste moment ........................................................................................................................... 15
6.6 Stijlfiguren .................................................................................................................................................. 15
6.7 Schema’s: regelmatigheden ....................................................................................................................... 15
6.8 Tropen: onregelmatigheden ....................................................................................................................... 15
Context: metaforen; onverwachte elementen .................................................................................................. 16
6.9 Framing: selectie, salience en spin.............................................................................................................. 16
GSR – analyse ................................................................................................................................................... 16
Hoofdstuk 7 Compositie ................................................................................................................................ 17
7.1 Welke factoren bepalen een compositie? ................................................................................................... 17
7.2 Begrenzing .................................................................................................................................................. 17
7.3 Compositie en Gestalt ................................................................................................................................. 17
Context overgangen in strips ............................................................................................................................ 18
7.4 beweging .................................................................................................................................................... 18
7.5 Storytelling in beeld .................................................................................................................................... 18
7.6 Semiotiek over compositievormen.............................................................................................................. 18
7.7 De afbeelding als een ontmoeting .............................................................................................................. 19
7.8 Compositie als een retorisch middel ........................................................................................................... 19
GSR-analyse COMPOSITIE................................................................................................................................. 19
Hoofdstuk 8 Typografie ................................................................................................................................. 20
8.1 Kiezen voor een font ................................................................................................................................... 20
8.2 Geschreefd of schreefloos? ......................................................................................................................... 20
2
, 8.3 Typemachineletters en afspatiëren ............................................................................................................ 20
8.4 Kapitalen of onderkast ............................................................................................................................... 20
8.5 Typografische retorica ................................................................................................................................ 20
8.6 Typografie en Gestalt: types en familie ...................................................................................................... 20
8.7 Typografie en semiotiek ............................................................................................................................. 20
Hoofdstuk 9 De derde dimensie .................................................................................................................... 21
9.1 De kracht van licht ...................................................................................................................................... 21
9.2 Van plat naar perspectief ........................................................................................................................... 21
9.3 Hulpmiddelen voor perspectief en diepte ................................................................................................... 21
9.4 Lineair perspectief ...................................................................................................................................... 21
9.5 Standpunt als retorisch middel ................................................................................................................... 21
GSR-analyse De derde dimensie ....................................................................................................................... 21
Hoofdstuk 10 Kleur ....................................................................................................................................... 22
10.1 Kleurenleer................................................................................................................................................ 22
10.2 Perceptie van kleur ................................................................................................................................... 22
10.3 Welke kleuren kiezen we? ........................................................................................................................ 22
10.4 Focus en de kracht van wit ....................................................................................................................... 22
10.5 Soms liever zwart-wit ............................................................................................................................... 22
10.6 Semiotici over kleur .................................................................................................................................. 22
10.7 Kleur en betekenis .................................................................................................................................... 23
10.8 Kleur als retorisch middel ......................................................................................................................... 23
Context: kleursystemen .................................................................................................................................... 23
Hoofdstuk 11 Fotografie ............................................................................................................................... 24
11.1 Iedereen fotograaf.................................................................................................................................... 24
11.2 De ethiek van Photoshop .......................................................................................................................... 24
11.3 Informatief of illustratief .......................................................................................................................... 24
11.4 Retorische effecten ................................................................................................................................... 24
Context: hoe maak je een retorisch portret? .................................................................................................... 24
11.5 Foto en bijschrift vormen een eenheid...................................................................................................... 25
11.6 Iconische foto’s ......................................................................................................................................... 25
11.7 Waar haal ik mijn beeld? .......................................................................................................................... 25
11.8 De stockfoto-industrie .............................................................................................................................. 25
GSR – analyse FOTOGRAFIE .............................................................................................................................. 25
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