A rack and pinion is a type of linear actuator that comprises a circular gear (the pinion)
engaging a linear gear (the rack). Together, they convert rotational motion into linear motion.
Rotating the pinion causes the rack to be driven in a line. Conversely, moving the rack linearly
will cause the pinion to rotate. A rack-and-pinion drive can use both straight and helical gears.
Though some suggest helical gears are quieter in operation, no hard evidence supports this
theory. Helical racks, while being more affordable, have proven to increase side torque on the
datums, increasing operating temperature leading to premature wear. Straight racks require a
lower driving force and offer increased torque and speed per fraction of gear ratio which allows
lower operating temperature and lessens viscal friction and energy use. The maximum force
that can be transmitted in a rack-and-pinion mechanism is determined by the torque on the
pinion and its size, or, conversely, by the force on the rack and the size of the pinion.
This project aims to design, develop, and test a state-of-the-art Rack and Pinion Gearbox (RPG)
system to address key performance criteria. The RPG will be engineered to achieve a desired
steering ratio, eliminate play in the gearbox, and provide highly sensitive steering response.
The project will encompass rigorous design, prototyping, and testing phases to ensure the RPG
meets university standards and industry requirement.
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