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Essay Plans - Government and politics in the UK
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9 markers & 25 markers essay plans for the listed topics in AQA Government and Politics A-level Paper 1
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Parliament RevisionExplain and analyze 3 ways parliament is/isn’t powerful in the legislative process. (9)
P – legislative.
Ex – initiate, debate, pass, introduce bills, debate & vote, become AoP, primary function.
Ev – private members. 2017-2019, 9 became law including Organ Donation (Deemed Consent) Act.
An – exec controls timetable, resorted to poor tactics, 2017, gov dodging 2 votes set to lose.
P – scrutiny.
Ex – select committees (DSCs) experts in their field v ministers between jobs more frequently.
Ev – 2018, Rudd loses job over denying removal targets being used during committee questioning.
An – overly aggressive, invitees, Mark Zuckerberg declined on facebook’s role in UK elections.
P – oversight.
Ex – HoL can do this, are more able to amend legislation as they have no fears of whips, used as a
‘revising’ chamber.
Ev – 2023 Public Order Bill defeated in the HoL; 2022 Health & Care Bill defeated.
An – limited, 1911 & 1949 acts limited Lords to only be able to delay legislation for 1 year, cannot
force commons to accept amendments.
Explain and analyze 3 ways HoL is/isn’t useful. (9)
P – power to amend/delay bills important.
Ex – more able to amend legislation as they have no fears of whips, used as a ‘revising’ chamber.
Ev – 2023 Public Order Bill defeated in the HoL; 2022 Health & Care Bill defeated.
An – unelected, members are appointed rather than elected, Life Peerages Act 1958 guarantees this.
P – experts in their field.
Ex – array of people different fields, plenty of experience so nature of debates is better quality.
Ev –the astronomer royal, the former head of MI5 (insert name)
An – over 800 still too many, plan to reduce but Johnson did the opposite, 2020 increased it by 36.
P – provide balance.
Ex – contentious issues keep balance, crossbenchers, and independent ways to select crossbencher.
Ev – post-Brexit, review/propose amendments & provide forum for debate & decision-making.
An – appt process unregulated, Johnson rejected John Bercow peerage, against centuries of political
tradition.
, Parliament Revision
Explain and analyze 3 roles of an MP. (9)
P – represent the constituency.
Ex – listening to their concerns, raising issues on their behalf & advocating policies benefiting them.
Ev – (L) MP Laura Pidcock takes fight for Wolsingham sixth form to education secretary.
An – neglect, Nadine Dorries, 2021 criticized for I’m a Celeb by Mid Bedfordshire, call 4 resignations.
P – party loyalty.
Ex – elected as members of a political party, expected to support party’s policies and priorities.
Ev – Brexit votes, (C) & (L) used whip, ultimately important for (C) to ensure enough voted for Brexit.
An – defy the whip, 136 (C) MPs against same-sex marriage bill, despite party leadership support.
P – represent own special interests.
Ex – act according to guidance, own personal values & beliefs, can take priority of taking own loyalty.
Ev – 2021, debate legalization of assisted dying, majority voted against, several spoke in favor of it.
An – denial of conscience, majority of both houses regarded Brexit as national madness, yet only 1
Tory, 52 (L) and small band of LD voted against it.
Explain and analyze 3 reasons why a backbencher rebels. (9)
P – principle or ideology.
Ex – disagree w party, unrepresentative of their policies and can chose to vote against the party line.
Ev – same-sex marriage, 2013, cons backbenchers against legalizing it despite gov stance.
An – party loyalty, reps of party, Brexit, despite opposition from backbenchers, none vote against it.
P – constituency pressure.
Ex – issue is of great importance & voting against it could harm chances of re-election.
Ev – tuition fees, 2010, several LD backbenchers vote against it, young electorate saw it as a betrayal.
An – whip system, vote to party line, welfare reform 2015, use of whip to ensure MPs support it.
P – personal ambition.
Ex – gain attention/establish themselves as future leader, increase visibility and appeal to voters.
Ev – (C) party leadership, 2019, backbenchers’ rebel against May’s Brexit deal, want to oust her.
An – conflicted clash, abortion 2008, despite several Catholic Lab MPs beliefs against it, still vote for.
Parliament cannot be regarded as truly democratic until its composition more clearly mirrors that
of wider society. Discuss (25)
Representation crucial, representing the people, trust in hands of parliamentarians.
Assess the extent of representation through areas such as gender, age, or education and
how this can impact democracy.
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