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Unit 7: health and social care BTEC
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Asma inayatUnit 7
Learning Aim B
Assignment 2
Pass
P3 Describe the types and signs of abuse and
neglect that may be experienced by individuals.
P4 Explain the factors that may contribute to and
reduce the likelihood of abuse and neglect for
service users in health and social care settings.
P5 Explain how to respond to concerns about abuse
and neglect.
Merit Assess the importance of recognizing and
responding to evidence or concerns about
several types of abuse and neglect in health and
social care.
Distinction Justify procedures for responding to concerns
about abuse and neglect.
Types of abuse and sign of abuse and neglect (P3):
Abuse is the action that can cause harm to another individual or as a group for some, they conduct this
act intentionally to harm and it can also injure the vulnerable to an extent level such as physically,
sexually, mentally, and verbally. Example for abuse; the individual can threat, blackmail, harass, stalk,
insult in front of a large group, mistreat them and make them feel embarrassed, this can also make the
vulnerable isolate, be socially isolated. It can affect every group for example, social class, both genders,
all ages, in every culture/religion/race. For example, in school there are three students who are Muslim
in a class, they gets abuses verbally for wearing hijab, they make them feel embarrassed and harass, this
can also lead to severe problem such as, as the girls may start questioning if what they are wearing are
the cause of getting mistreated, they may start believing that following their religion can create difficulty
for them to live in the society, as their religion is not being accepted. This means that they are getting
mentally abused. To improve this, either the girls need to be strong enough to speak for them and their
religion or else they have to experience the abuse.
Neglects simply means when the priorities, needs, essential support, care, valuations, and importance of
an individual are up to criteria and are not met. For example, unhygienic house/hospital wards. This
neglect can be self-neglect which cannot be reported but it may affect their own health and become ill.
This may mean that they are not self-focused and does not prefer personal hygiene.
There are two types of abuse and neglect such as criminal and non-criminal, criminal abuse is when the
individual abuses the vulnerable intentionally, for example, murdering someone because they had a
,fight related to drugs. Other examples can sexually abuse, fraud, theft, threats, harassment, bully,
stalking and assault. The non-criminal can be humiliating someone because you feel they were wrong,
insulting them and making them feel frightened for being who they are, for example, in university there
are senior students who doe ragging of the new people, and those who are vulnerable, they may keep
abusing them throughout the year, for example, those seniors ragged them the first day, but then the
students got frightened, scared and humiliated, this can mean that there can be chanced that those
people will rag them throughout the year, they can even physically/sexually assault as those are too
insensitive and has rock heart that they may not feel what the other person is going through. This act is
mostly done in Asian countries.
Domestic abuse may be gender-based discrimination as people (boys/men) may think that women are
less efficient for a specific situation and it may be done by someone related for example, from the
family, close friends, husband, wife. This abuse may make the individual feel less wanted, important, or
priorities, like the abuser may try to control the individual, for example, questioning them continuously
about their physical appearance, passing comment about their confidence or about their income,
threatening them, showing violence. The signs of domestic abuse are that the individual may be
depressed, may experience avoidance in certain situations, they may get physically abused such as
swellings, being paranoid, scared, and may even try to run away from the family, if the family member is
doing the abuse. In the case of Zara, she certainly got abused by her mom’s boyfriend, who tried to
control her behavior and kept her from feeling insecure every time. As she was a mentally ill patient,
who needed support such as, extreme care like medications on time, emotional support to keep her
motivated, to control her anxiety levels. Despite that she got an environment which didn’t observe
certain areas where a member was meeting, and no staff could acknowledge the ongoing structure of
Zara life, as she was also discriminated against legislations which shows protection and safety for service
users. She may be getting threatened for example, by sentences such as you are weak, I would beat you
with stick if you screamed, your mom may get tortured too and many more abusive words. She may be
scared, uncomfortable, and mentally exhausted to be able to speak anyone, and mainly as the behavior
of the staff were negligent and unacceptable, according to the duty of care, the nurses should have
practiced the code of professionalism standards, which would have supported Zara to get the essential
support she needed, rather get physically/sexually and psychologically abused. The nurse could have
spoken to her after finding that she started to wear winter clothes in summer, by this they could find out
what she was going through and who the abuser was. By this they would also make her feel important
and valued, because they noticed her changes and wants to support her overcome for what she is going
through, this would have helped her to acknowledge the fact that the visitor (mom’s boyfriend) might
be the one that is abusing, for example, as soon as the nurse noticed.
Physical abuse is an intentional act done by the abuser, animalistic behavior towards the individual. It
can be done by any family member, workplace acquaintances or abuse of a child. Women, teenagers,
and children are more likely to get abused. The kids may get physically and sexually assaulted by anyone
for their care (adult such as caregiver, parent, from school), physical abuses such as burns, cuts, bruises,
fractures bones, belt or iron marks, scars, scratches, and many more. The abuser may harm the
individual by using many objects such as steel spoons, sticks, belts, by nails, slapping, beating,
suffocating, burning by fire guns. For example, Baby P, he had several damages such as broken bones,
bruises. As facts says that he had 50 areas tortured/injured external and internal body. It was done by
his own biological mom and her boyfriend. This shows the neglection and intellectual impairment of
, them both. As these several tortures, injuries led to Baby P’s death. Despite that the healthcare services
also couldn’t support Baby P when needed earlier, as Baby P was brought to healthcare services couple
of times, where they could have acted and provided the essential service to him, such as take him away
from his mom so they could no longer abuse, and the service could start the treatment to at least
improve his health. As if they had acted while it was at short term, where Baby P may only have less
body pain but as the time grew it increased the abuse and he was more brutally injured externally and
internally.
Another case of physical abuse was Winterbourne's view, but it was a mixture of various abuses that
took place on those vulnerable people. They experienced abuse such as physical, emotional, social,
psychological, harassment and neglect. They were vulnerable due to their disabilities, no understanding
of social/society, they were adults. The short-term implications for them were depression and body
pain. They may start to get lower self-concept and build no trust rule for everyone. Winterbourne’s view
did not have qualified and trained staff, their animalistic behavior showed that they were impaired
themselves. Being elderly also makes them more vulnerable, as they have reduced health, strength and
less empowered to stand up and being counted. They have experienced such activities which may have
increased pain and may take less time to recover, and they were continuously being abused, this gave
them less healing time, and the new physical injury occurred.
Sexual abuse can happen to anyone, anywhere, but this does not mean that is should be promoted in
anyway, rather than we should try to build a safe and secured environment and country for anyone, it
may not only happen with women but also child or a man, but this is shown that women and child are
more likely to get abused than men. This means that the abuser does the intentional act and takes
advantage of the individual without their permission and will. For example, sexual touching, oral sex,
passing sexual comments, touching inappropriate areas, forcing to view pornography, asking to perform
sexual acts, grooming the process of manipulating, sending or asking for indecent images. This may also
cause psychological implication on the person getting this abuse. The statistics show that 1.3 million
children and young people in England will have been subjected to child sexual abuse exploitation by the
time they turn 18. The signs of sexual abuse can be exposed such as bruise, bleeding (injuries in the
genital/anal areas), urinary infections, psychological inactivity, early age sudden pregnancy and
depression.
Financial abuse is using someone's money forcefully, or without their consent, and managing them
financially on their own money, the abuser may not earn, for example, partners, the husband may not
work, and the wife might, and the husband may domestically abuse her and her to be dependent on him
as he’ll take the money or steal it. This may also lead to emotional abuse (Emotional/psychological
abuse is the controlling act, which may be caused by the side effects of financial, or physical abuse, or
maybe sexual abuse. For example, damage by verbal abusive comments, decrease in self-concept,
humiliate someone publicly, threatening, blaming them, criticizing and manipulating) of the individual as
she might worry and go into depression for this act. In the children's case, they may get abused due to
financial issues, as the father may not be capable enough to feed his children, that would have led to
such incidents to trying suicidal case. Financial abuse also leads to emotional impairment which can
make the children's father empowered enough to take an action such as abusing them by anger, killing
them to reduce his stress, or doing suicide.
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