Unit 12-learning Aim B & C
Assignment 2
Asma Inayat
Learning Aim B & C
P2 EXPLAIN HOW DISABILITY CAN BE VIEWED AS A SOCIAL CONSTRUCT.
P3 DESCRIBE HOW HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE WORKERS CAN HELP ONE CHILD AND ONE
ADULT WITH DIFFERENT ADDITIONAL NEEDS OVERCOME CHALLENGES TO DAILY LIVING.
KNOWLEDGE TO INCLUDE:
MINIMISING ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL CHALLENGES
MINIMISING PERSONAL CHALLENGES
ATTITUDES OF OTHERS
M2 Assess the impact of challenges to daily living that may be experienced by the individuals
in the case study with diverse additional needs, and how effectively these challenges are
overcome.
D2 Justify the support and adaptations provided for two individuals with different additional
needs to help them overcome challenges to daily living, with reference to statutory
provision.
D3 Evaluate the impact of providing support for two individuals diagnosed with different
additional needs in improving their wellbeing and life chances.
Model of disability
There are two types of models of disability, social model, and medical model. Both services are in place
to supply the best health services, care, and support to the service users.
Social model of disability
Social model is the theory of society point of views on viewing the world, people are disabled by the
barriers more than their disability, difference, and impairment. They are disabled through the attitude,
behaviors, reaction, and responses of society which makes them feel discriminated. These barriers might
be more difficult for the disabled than being able to face themselves, as this model is there to focus on
the society to change those perspectives created by the people who makes harder life for the disabled
and put more pressure on them to make themselves according to the world/community/society created
traditions. Social models help to remove these unnecessary barriers which may prevent the disabled
people to take part in society with freedom, independent, no worry about themselves. They ask and
make sure if the disabled people need help or may discuss with other services, to get more ideas on how
to deal and overcome this stereotype. It demonstrates that the society is the issue not the disabled.
Society is the issue because they have built up a value and space that demonstrates that disabled people
are born different and may not be able to be with them for example, they cannot be friends with them,
or give them the same value as a normal person (this is what some society members think and apply on
the disabled people). But in real they may not be disabled medically, but intellectually, as they might
want to gain the attention they want. For example, a stammering person may get extremely nervous
and feel embarrassed thinking that they may get trolled or bullied for the way they talk. This is shown as
,the social barrier as even if people may not, a disabled person do have a fact in them that the society is
like that.
To overcome this, the disabled or the other person may take a step ahead and try to talk and make
them feel valued by helping them with their work, asking for help so they can also feel needed and
useful for others, take them out with you for e.g., shopping, restaurants, picnic.
Impairment and disability might be called or thought same, but they have different meanings in them
which may separate the disability in two, any disabled person may have different conditions that
requires different help, impairment is the loss of abnormality while as the disability too, but loss in
abnormality in physiological, psychological or any function such as hear loss, sight loss, vocal problems,
speech issues (dyslexia, stammer).
Disability is the lack of ability to perform any activity, which is known to be normal activity for other
people. For example, physical disabilities after an accident, they would have difficulty/disabled
movement for them. For example, Rebecca, she had an accident which made her physically disabled and
after that people around her (Neighbors), who have been there the whole time until she was normal and
could be able to walk. Then they were fine with her but after her accident they started to make her
realize that she had been a disturbance to everyone.
Discrimination is the act performed by the society for the vulnerable, disabled people, age, gender, race,
religion, ethnicity. They may not want them to take part in with them and may also think that they are
not capable enough to carry out any work with them. They may differentiate them and compare them
with other people. For example, Ben and Rebecca, Ben was excluded and discriminated based on his
appearance, this also relates to typical stereotypes as people still beliefs that by appearance he/she can
be discriminated.
Disablement is when something stops you from doing it, but you are not disabled.
If social model was not in place so people with impairment and disability may get excluded or
discriminated by the society and may not get their right under legal requirements when not in a legal
site, for example in a shopping mall the disabled person may get excluded by them for example Ben, the
Equality Act describes that equality is not only for an individual who is capable and considered to be
normal and healthy, but these protected characteristics is same and useful for the disabled ones, this act
protects everyone from harassment and discrimination.
Health service scrutinizes all characteristics which includes poor housing, social behavioral, cultural, and
environmental. For example, a teenager wishes to live independently but has no better income or
specific way of living independently.
The social model demonstrates the understanding of equality and equity. Equality is when you provide
the same essentials, accessories, or may treat everyone equally but in this we may forget that not
everyone may need what you are giving in order of care or support they might need it extra or different,
in this we may lack in providing the appropriate thing to the individual. For example, a person without
glasses and a person with glasses might get treated equally by providing the same information on the
board, but individuals with glasses may strain eyes to view the board, so providing that individual with
an extra print to them where they may see properly and may not waste time in understanding what is
on the board. Supplying the copy will be justice and treated fairly to everyone, this is called equity.
,Factors that may affect disability within society:
Segregated society are the disabled people and normal people, separated by the terms of the condition
for example, separating African and American were sent and preferred to send to different schools.
Belief in the medical model may understand how important medical model is, to support the individual.
For example, a person intellectually making them strong and thinking that they will not get flu, fever,
cough more often so it may cause them less likely to get Ill maybe once or twice a year.
Poverty is poor housing, difficulty in paying essentials, lack of resources. For example, then it may also
cause the individual to extreme hunger, these can also be a lead to illnesses. The kids might not get an
education. These may make the individual to not buy some essentials and good products to improve
their health, poverty can also make them stay behind on gaining information about health, for example,
the poor person may not have access to platform such as social apps or lack to use network to search for
information on how to improve health. Another example, such as people may find it difficult to provide
support for their health, such as if the condition is not chronic (long-term) then they may find difficult to
buy medications, transportation can be an issue.
Lack of useful education may cause less awareness, less knowledge. For example, lack of trained staff
may lead to poor education in school. Lack of materials. This can also lead to low income/wage for the
individual, as this may at some point lead to poverty if important work is not done, such as courses/jobs.
For example, a person with an education may understand the value of health and the benefits of
improving it. But a person who lacks education may find it difficult to understand what the doctor may
say to them, for example, if they explain about medications briefly but they may not be able to
understand due to lack of useful information.
Inaccessible environment may lead to less socializing. For example, negative behaviors, Attitudes,
reactions towards disabled people. This may also make them less active, for example, if the area an
individual lives in has no parks, cycle pathways open grounds or gardens, then this may make an excuse
for the individual to not be socially active or improve their health. For example, an area with a park and
grounds nearby may be useful for the patient/individual to go there and do jogging, walking, exercise,
picnic, yoga, sunbathing. These activities may help to improve health. Which is possible if the
environment nearby is built up in a large space, so the individual can use it in all beneficial ways.
Assumptions may cause mental health, may disadvantage individual in processing the acknowledgement
on how he/she got treated. For example, the health department has doubts that an individual has
cancer but no legal entitlement to it. Just cause the individual has some symptoms. It may not affect
health care but the individual intellectually negatively.
Discrimination in employment is denying some benefits of the individual, avoid hiring disabled. For
example, a girl does not have a job just because of her skin tone and weight. For example, a disabled
person may not get prioritized or offered first in a job interview rather they may select and prioritized a
normal person first.
De-valuing is when you (employer/professionals) make them feel below average. For example, a
pregnant woman has been getting extra work due to get maternal leave. For example, a disabled person
worked hard for the presentation, and he may not get appreciation he may deserve by its employer or
, colleagues, because he may prefer the work done by another person who present the presentation
made by the disabled person. As he (the disabled person) may find it difficult to present.
Needs not anticipated are the special rides (park, fun fair). For example, a Down syndrome individual
may not get extra help when he needed it like when in school.
Prejudice is when the professionals may be judging, getting to know someone later and pointing out
their characteristics before. For example, an employee who has a disabled daughter may want to get
flexible work hours, as they may think that she wants to work less and get paid the same amount.
Inaccessible transport may lead to the individual to not socialize, buses with humps, seating issues, living
in countryside may cause inaccessible transport, less transport areas nearby.
In the ben case, these all sectors can be increased reason to their disability, as they may not be as much
disabled as the society may point out and make them. These can increase challenges in his life, for
example, devaluing him for being a down syndrome person, such as if he may want to work for a job
experience (the healthcare or his counsellor may want him to take this step for better experience), but
his workplace/employers may disgrace, disrespect, and devalue him for being an intellectually disabled
person. It is very important to take these little details into account and act on this, for example, Ben may
get called and bullied in his workplace by one or two employees, and if his behavior changes and get
noticeable by the carer, then it is very important to be acknowledged and acted on. They may speak to
the employer about this, discuss it with a professional status such as social worker, so they can speak in
statutory mode and handle the situation, these behaviors of people towards Ben can make him feel
disappointed, embarrassed, lose self-confidence. The biggest challenge can be discrimination by
society/healthcare, because they would be the closest ones to him, from where he may learn,
understand, notice, and if their behavior towards him is harsh, then it can negatively impact on his
emotional and intellectual growth for example, he may become less socialized, lose confidence, get
scared while interacting to people, isolate himself.
This may build a psychological barrier, this can be the hardest barrier to overcome, because these can
occur due to bad experiences, fear of treatment injections, panic attacks and phobias. To overcome bad
experiences, he can try to talk to several people (with the help of the carer, as they may make him
interact with people), this may improve his views on them, and give him confidence. To overcome panic
attacks and phobias he may try to conduct the same act to see the same objects that occur panic
attacks, this may take a lot of courage to do but help him to overcome the barrier. Afraid of injections
can be one common psychological barrier, because as it is linked to directly inserting a whole small tube
within the skin, knowing it may cause pain/tingling, to overcome this barrier, Ben may use an
autoinjector and try to keep practicing, he should also find ways to relax.
Lack of education may also cause disability, due to staying in more than socializing, they might have less
awareness of the education and no knowledge how to gain education in more assistive technologies.
They might be less knowledgeable, for example, it can cause unemployment, poverty, traps. Education
gives them quality education in line with their unique needs, young people with disabilities might be
more likely to leave school early without transitioning to secondary school. This can be because they
might have a lack of knowledge about the importance of it. And how it can help them, this can also
increase the risk of trauma and stress and the only way to acknowledge is about their own condition.
They may grow in a better way after having a quality and standard education, some people may not
