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Summary Integration Theories
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Table on integration theories used in period 4, year 1 of European Law School at Maastricht University, for the course of SMEI (States, Markets and European Integration)
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SMEI, Week 3Assignment 1: Integration Theories
Integration theory: Federalism Functionalism Neofunctionalism Intergovernmentalism Multi-level governance
Initiators Altiero Spinelli David Mitrany Ernst Haas Stanley Hoffmann Liesbet Hooghe
(1907-1986) (1888-1975) (1925-2003) The Fate of the Nation- Gary Marks
Ventotene Manifesto A Working Peace The Uniting of Europe State and the Case of
(1941) System (1943) (1958) Western Europe (1966)
Leon Lindberg
Andrew Moravcsik: liberal
form
Main idea behind the Create a European Functional agencies Spillovers needed in order States only want to The governance of Europe
theory federation of States. for the execution of to create their goal: collaborate if it is in their takes place through
international supranational state with national interest. interaction of many actors
cooperation on all different institutions. on several levels: how is
issue-related areas. policy made on an EU
level?
Purpose of the Make peace prevail, Nature of the tasks, Descriptive: Descriptive: Descriptive: looking at what
theory prevent another war. not territorial division, Start of European Europe looks like now, the
should determine the integration: out of integration must policy nature of the
Normative (how it Prescriptive (normative): organisation of public purely functional be placed within European Union is
should be) vs. function follows form: tasks (depolitisation necessities. the global discussed.
Descriptive (what is There is an objective and technocracy) Spill over: at the context (cfr. oil
the situation now) (peace), and a form (a beginning actors crisis, 1970’s)
federation), the functions Prescriptive solve problems
will follow up what we (normative): form within technical,
impose as a form. follows function. functional, non-
The form, integration, political issue
will follow the areas. They
functional bodies from expand to
the bottom up. functional areas:
a gradual
process of
political
integration.
Characteristics of the Top-down Bottom-up Bottom-up The member Policy making &
theory structure structure structure states influence Governance are
Political structure Public tasks Haas: the power of the key words, through
in which powers should be Political motives EU (interplay this integration can
of the government moved from stimulated the between high and be reached
are divided over territorial cooperation or low politics-
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