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Assignment 1 - Unit 17 - Caring for Individuals with Dementia
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Unit 17 - Caring for Individuals with Dementia, all criteria covered, acheived a distinction
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Maisie SmithUnit 17: caring for
individuals with
dementia
Examining the types, causes and symptoms of dementia
MAISIE SMITH
,Case studies
Dr. Raymond Boston is 76 years old and has vascular dementia. He has recently moved from
his own house to residential accommodation as his symptoms have increased. He frequently
became irritable, and he shouted at the nurses who came to support him. he has now been
admitted to the Red Rooves Residence where the staff have produced a care plan centring
Raymond and incorporating information provided by his daughter, with regards to his
interests, likes and dislikes, including diet, hobbies and any issues which tend to trigger his
irritability. Raymond still retains an interest in medical matters and the staff have introduced
him to Winston who is also a retied GP. They like to discuss old cases and to share the
medical magazines that are bought in by Raymond’s daughter when she comes to visit.
Raymond has general forgetfulness, so its important that the staff ensure his safety,
Raymond prefers to be called by his title, and the staff have all agreed to do this and it is
included in his care plan.
Mrs. Anjeela Johal Kaur is 68 years old and has Alzheimer’s disease, she is a practising Sikh,
and her religious practices are very important to her, she attends the temple ever week
accompanied by her two sons, her daughters in law and their children. There have been
several instances when Anjeela has become lost in familiar places and she is now developing
mood swings where she varies from angry to happy and is difficult to manage. The family
have discussed Anjeela with their local GP and decided that she would be better cared for in
a residential setting. Anjeela has agreed to this but is unhappy about leaving her family
home. Anjeela has now moved to the Ashford Residence where the staff are fully trained to
support her. Her family have informed the manager of the care home of her dietary
preferences, her interests, her likes and dislikes and they have also shared some of her
history including her marriage, her work as a teacher and medical conditions, she has type
two diabetes and an allergy to penicillin.
Dr. Isobel Blake is 65 years old and has frontotemporal lobe dementia, she was a university
lecturer in environmental sciences before retiring due to her progressive ill health, she was
diagnosed with having frontotemporal lobe dementia at the age of 56, frontotemporal lobe
dementia is one of the most common forms of early onset dementia. Isobel now lives in a
small residential unit in a rural area, she has a niece and nephew who visit her regularly and
have been involved in planning discussions, they have provided the manager with a
scrapbook of photographs to support Isobel’s memory when she talks about her life. Due to
her form of dementia, Isobel lost some of her inhibitions and will often speak bluntly to
other residents about their perceived bad habits, which can cause distress. She finds
organisation difficult and needs help with dressing as she may attempt to dress in the wrong
order. Isobel had difficulty swallowing food and is provided with nutritious drinks in addition
to meals processed in a food blender, her medication will either be crushed and mixed with
a drink or delivered as liquid. She often gets frustrated by her illness as she forgets simple
words and becomes angry. She has also lost her ability to empathise with others and often
laughs when another resident falls or is unhappy.
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, P1 – explain the causes of three different types of dementia
Dementia is an umbrella term that is used to describe the symptoms for over 100 different
conditions that impair memory, behaviour and thinking. The most common causes or
dementia include vascular dementia, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, dementia
with Lewy bodies and Frontotemporal dementia.
Dr. Raymond Boston – Vascular Dementia
Vascular dementia is caused by reduced blood flow to the
brain which then damages and kills brain cells, this
happens because of narrowing and the blockage
of small blood vessels inside the brain, this
can happen via things like
atherosclerosis, heart disease and
strokes where the blood supply to a
part of the brain is cut off. There are multiple factors that would increase a person’s chances
of developing vascular dementia, some risk factors can be avoided, whereas other cannot
be controlled. Raymond is 76 years old which one of the most common risk factors for
Raymond developing vascular dementia that he could not possibly change, once an
individual reaches the age of 65 their risk for developing the condition will roughly double
every five years, less than 8000 people each year develop vascular dementia when they are
under the age of 65. Men are also at a slightly higher risk of getting vascular dementia than
woman, this could have been a risk factor towards Raymond’s vascular dementia as he is a
male, but it would not have been a direct cause.
There are many health conditions that can increase an individual’s risks of developing
vascular dementia. An individual with cardiovascular conditions will be at a higher risk of
developing vascular dementia as they will have problems with the heart and blood
circulation, for example high blood pressure or heart disease. These conditions increase the
risks of a clot or bleed happening in the blood vessels in the brain. If an individual has had a
stroke or if they have diabetes or heart disease, they are twice as likely to develop vascular
dementia to someone who has not had these conditions. There is a type of disease called
cerebral amyloid angiopathy that damages small arteries of the outer regions of the brain,
this then causes the blood vessels in that part of the brain to become leaky and prone to
bleeding, many people with cerebral amyloid angiopathy will develop vascular dementia,
from having a stroke of from a more gradual disease. Sleep apnoea is a common health
condition where a person stops breathing from a variation from a few seconds or minutes
during their sleep, this can then cause small blood clots to form in the brain. These blood
clots will severely increase the risks of high blood pressure, strokes, heart attacks and
vascular dementia. Dr Raymond’s case study does not mention any past cardiovascular
conditions that he may have had so it is not possible to know if any specific conditions may
have affected his chances of developing vascular dementia, there is a chance that Raymond
had a condition of something like high blood pressure with out knowing, as having high
blood pressure can often have no warning signs or symptoms.
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