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'22-'23 Samenvatting Internationaal Privaatrecht
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Internationaal privaatrecht:lesnotities
Inhoudsopgave
HC 1: INLEIDING............................................................................................................................................. 4
DEFINITIE EN KENMERKEN.........................................................................................................................................4
HC 2: BASISBEGRIPPEN + BRONNEN............................................................................................................... 5
RECHTSBRONNEN: HIËRARCHIE..................................................................................................................................5
Europese bronnen............................................................................................................................................6
INTERNATIONALE BRONNEN....................................................................................................................................10
NATIONALE BRONNEN............................................................................................................................................12
RELEVANTE IPR-BEGRIPPEN....................................................................................................................................13
HC 3: TOEPASSINGSGEBIED: INTERNATIONALE BEVOEGDHEID......................................................................17
TOETSING INTERNATIONALE BEVOEGDHEID.................................................................................................................17
TOEPASSINGSGEBIED VERORDENINGEN EN VERDRAGEN.................................................................................................19
(1) BRUSSEL IBIS.................................................................................................................................................. 19
(2) BRUSSEL IIBIS-VO/BRUSSEL IITER-VO..................................................................................................................21
(3) ONDERHOUD-VO.............................................................................................................................................23
(4) ERFRECHT-VO.................................................................................................................................................23
(5) HUWELIJKSVERMOGEN-VO................................................................................................................................24
(6) PARTNERSCHAPSVERMOGEN-VO.........................................................................................................................25
(7) VERDRAG VAN LUGANO....................................................................................................................................25
(8) HAAGS KINDERBESCHERMINGSVERDRAG...............................................................................................................26
(9) FORUMBEDINGENVERDRAG................................................................................................................................27
GEEN VERORDENINGEN EN VERDRAGEN.....................................................................................................................27
CASUSSEN...........................................................................................................................................................28
WERKINGSSFEER INTERNATIONALE BEVOEGDHEID........................................................................................................28
Bevoegdheidsladder.......................................................................................................................................28
Bevoegdheidslader Brussel Ibis......................................................................................................................28
Bevoegdheidslader Brussel IIter.....................................................................................................................30
Bevoegdheidsladder onderhoud-Vo...............................................................................................................32
Bevoegdheidsladder Erfrecht-Vo....................................................................................................................33
Bevoegdheidsladder Huwelijksvermogen-Vo.................................................................................................33
WETBOEK IPR......................................................................................................................................................33
SAMENHANG....................................................................................................................................................... 33
NOODFORUM/FORUM NECESSITATIS.........................................................................................................................33
IL BEVOEGDHEID VOORLOPIGE MAATREGELEN.............................................................................................................34
HC 4: TOEPASSINGSGEBIED: TOEPASSELIJK RECHT........................................................................................35
WAT?................................................................................................................................................................ 35
CONFLICTENRECHTELIJKE METHODE..........................................................................................................................35
KWALIFICATIE.......................................................................................................................................................35
VERWIJZINGSCATEGORIE.........................................................................................................................................36
AANKNOPINGSFACTOR...........................................................................................................................................36
AMBTSHALVE TOEPASSING VERWIJZINGSREGEL – BUITENLANDS RECHT.............................................................................38
WAAR VINDEN WE DE VERWIJZINGSREGELS?..............................................................................................................43
HC 5: TOEPASSINGSGEBIED: ERKENNING EN UITVOERBAARHEID..................................................................46
WAT?................................................................................................................................................................ 46
, OVERZICHT..........................................................................................................................................................46
ONDERSCHEID – KWALIFICATIE................................................................................................................................46
GRADATIES VAN DOORWERKING..............................................................................................................................47
HIËRARCHIE VAN REGELS........................................................................................................................................52
OEFENSESSIE 1: INTERNATIONALE BEVOEGDHEID........................................................................................59
HC 6: EFFECTIVE ENFORCEMENT OF CROSS-BORDER DEBT RECOVERY WITHIN THE EU..................................75
LECTURE OVERVIEW...............................................................................................................................................75
INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................................75
REGULATORY INSTRUMENTS....................................................................................................................................75
Regulation: European Enforcement Order (EEO)...........................................................................................76
Regulation: European Payment Order (EPO).................................................................................................77
Regulation: European Account Preservation Order (EAPO)...........................................................................78
Regulation: European Small Claims Procedures (ESCP).................................................................................79
EMPIRICAL PERSPECTIVE: SCAN PROJECT..................................................................................................................80
THE WAY FORWARD: SCAN II PROJECT AND THE PROMINENT ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY........................................................82
OEFENSESSIE 2: TOEPASSELIJK RECHT........................................................................................................... 83
OEFENSESSIE 3: CASUSSEN........................................................................................................................... 96
HC 7: STAAT EN BEKWAAMHEID, NAAM, HUWELIJK EN NIET-HUWELIJKSE SAMENLEVINGSVORMEN..........104
NAAM: VRAGEN UIT DE PRAKTIJK...........................................................................................................................105
HUWELIJK..........................................................................................................................................................108
Sluiting van het huwelijk in BE.....................................................................................................................108
Sluiting van het huwelijk in het buitenland..................................................................................................109
Nietigverklaring van het huwelijk................................................................................................................111
HC 8: AFSTAMMING: NATUURLIJK-DRAAGMOEDERSCHAP/ADOPTIEF........................................................113
NATUURLIJKE AFSTAMMING..................................................................................................................................113
ADOPTIE........................................................................................................................................................... 117
HC 9: ECHTSCHEIDING EN ONDERHOUD..................................................................................................... 121
Echtscheiding...............................................................................................................................................121
Internationale bevoegdheid.........................................................................................................................121
Toepasselijk recht.........................................................................................................................................124
Onderhoud...................................................................................................................................................127
HC 10: OUDERLIJKE VERANTWOORDELIJKHEID........................................................................................... 129
INTERNATIONALE BEVOEGDHEID.............................................................................................................................129
TOEPASSELIJK RECHT............................................................................................................................................132
ERKENNING EN UITVOERBAARHEID.........................................................................................................................133
INTERNATIONALE KINDERONTVOERING....................................................................................................................134
HC 11: CONTRACTUELE VERBINTENISSEN................................................................................................... 137
ALGEMEEN........................................................................................................................................................ 137
INTERNATIONALE BEVOEGDHEID.............................................................................................................................137
TOEPASSELIJK RECHT............................................................................................................................................141
ERKENNING EN TENUITVOERLEGGING......................................................................................................................146
ZWAKKERE PARTIJEN............................................................................................................................................146
CONSUMENTENOVEREENKOMSTEN.........................................................................................................................147
IL BVH...........................................................................................................................................................147
Toepasselijk recht.........................................................................................................................................148
HC 12: NIET-CONTRACTUELE VERBINTENISSEN........................................................................................... 150
INTERNATIONALE BEVOEGDHEID.............................................................................................................................150
TOEPASSELIJK RECHT............................................................................................................................................153
Rome II.........................................................................................................................................................153
2
, Gemeenschappelijke regels voor alle niet-contractuele verbintenissen......................................................154
Onrechtmatige daad....................................................................................................................................155
Andere niet-contractuele verbintenissen.....................................................................................................155
Verkeersongevallenverdrag.........................................................................................................................156
ERKENNING EN TENUITVOERLEGGING......................................................................................................................158
EXAMEN.................................................................................................................................................... 158
3
, HC 1: Inleiding
Vakinhoud
- LESOPNAMES voorzien!
- 3 werkcolleges (niet verplicht)
o 2 digitaal
o 1 ter plaatse op het einde van het semester
- Handboek ter begeleiding van de lesopnames
o Sommige hoofdstukken vallen niet onder de leerstof
Prof zal dit duiden
- Bronnenbundel: vereist en wordt gebruikt tijdens examen
o Je mag extra wetgeving afprinten
o Kruisverwijzingen MAG
- Examen
o Schriftelijk examen
o MKV-vragen: 12/20
Principes, leerstukken van IPR (theorie)
Korte casussen: begrip toepassen
o Open vragen: 8/20
Welke rechter is bevoegd?
Welk recht is toepasselijk?
o Zie canvas pagina
Definitie en kenmerken
Definitie internationaal privaatrecht
= Rechtssubjecten die rechtsverhoudingen aanknopen met een internationaal element
= Rechtstak die de verhouding regelt tussen verschillende (nationale) rechtssystemen
- IPR nodig bij de regeling van ‘internationale’ rechtsverhoudingen
o Grensoverschrijdend (internationaal) element nodig om IPR te activeren
(woonplaats, nationaliteit, plaats handeling, ligging goederen…)
- IPR enkel voor ‘private’ rechtsverhoudingen
o Geschil, maar ook geen disputen
IPR: nationaal recht
- IPR regelt internationale rechtsverhoudingen, maar is nationaal recht (zie bv. WIPR)
- Tenzij eenvormige benadering (met verschillende gradaties)
De grote 3/4 luiken van IPR
- Internationale bevoegdheid
- Toepasselijk recht (conflictenrecht)
o Bv. asymmetrisch forumclausule
- Erkenning en uitvoerbaarheid van buitenlandse rechterlijke beslissingen en authentieke
akten
- (Administratieve en gerechtelijke samenwerking)
o Bv. kinderontvoering
4
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