Test Bank Fundamentals of Nursing 2nd Edition Yoost Chapter 01: Nursing, Theory, and Professional Practice Yoost & Crawford: Fundamentals of Nursing: Active Learning for Collaborative Practice, 2nd Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A group of nursing students are discussing the impact of nonnursing theories in clinical practice. The students would be correct if they chose which theory to prioritize patient care? a. Erikson’s Psychosocial Theor y b. Paul’s Critical -Thinking Theory c. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs d. Rosenstock’s Health Belief Model ANS: C Maslow’s hierarchy of needs specifies the psychological and physiologic factors that affect each person’s physical and mental health. The nurse’s understa nding of these factors helps with formulating Nursing diagnoses that address the patient’s needs and values to prioritize care. Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory of Development and Socialization is based on individuals’ interacting and learning about their world. Nurses use concepts of developmental theory to critically think in providing care for their patients at various stages of their lives. Rosenstock (1974) developed the psychological Health Belief Model. The model addresses possible reasons for why a pat ient may not comply with recommended health promotion behaviors. This model is especially useful to nurses as they educate patients. DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.5 TOP: Planning MSC: NCLEX Client Needs CNategRory:ISafGe anBd E.fCfectiMve Care Environment: Management of Care NOT: Concepts: Care CoordinatiUon 2. A nursing student is preparing study notes from a recent lecture in nursing history. The student would credit Florence Nightingale for which definition of nursing? a. The imbalance between the patie nt and the environment decreases the capacity for health. b. The nurse needs to focus on interpersonal processes between nurse and patient. c. The nurse assists the patient with essential functions toward independence. d. Human beings are interacting in continuous motion as energy fields. ANS: A Florence Nightingale’s (1860) concept of the environment emphasized prevention and clean air, water, and housing. This theory states that the imbalance between the patient and the environment decreases the capacity for healt h and does not allow for conservation of energy. Hildegard Peplau (1952) focused on the roles played by the nurse and the interpersonal process between a nurse and a patient. Virginia Henderson described the nurse’s role as substitutive (doing for the pers on), supplementary (helping the person), or complementary (working with the person), with the goal of independence for the patient. Martha Rogers (1970) developed the Science of Unitary Human Beings. She stated that human beings and their environments are interacting in continuous motion as infinite energy fields. DIF: Understanding OBJ: 1.4 TOP: Planning MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance NOT: Concepts: Health Promotion U S N 3. The nurse identifies which nurse established the American Red Cross during the Civil War? a. Dorothea Dix b. Linda Richards c. Lena Higbee d. Clara Barton ANS: D Clara Barton practiced nursing in the Civil War and established the American Red Cross. Dorothea Dix was the head of the U.S. Sanitary Commission, which wa s a forerunner of the Army Nurse Corps. Linda Richards was America’s first trained nurse, graduating from Boston’s Women’s Hospital in 1873, and Lena Higbee, superintendent of the U.S. Navy Nurse Corps, was awarded the Navy Cross in 1918. DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.3 TOP: Assessment MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance NOT: Concepts: Professionalism 4. The nursing instructor is researching the five proficiencies regarded as essential for students and professionals. The nursing in structor identifies which organization would be found to have added safety as a sixth competency? a. Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) b. Institute of Medicine (IOM) c. American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) d. National League for Nursing (NLN ) ANS: A The Institute of Medicine repNort,RHeIalthGProBfe.ssCionMs Education: A Bridge to Quality (2003), outlines five core competencies. These include patient -centered care, interdisciplinary teamwork, use of evidence -based medicine, quality improvemen t, and use of information technology. QSEN added safety as a sixth competency. The Essentials of Baccalaureate Education for Professional Nursing Practice are provided and updated by the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) (2008). The docume nt offers a framework for the education of professional nurses with outcomes for students to meet. The National League for Nursing (NLN) outlines and updates competencies for practical, associate, baccalaureate, and graduate nursing education programs. DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Planning MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care NOT: Concepts: Care Coordination 5. The nurse manager is interviewing graduate nurses to fill existing staffing vacancies. When hiring graduate nurses, the nurse manager realizes that they will probably not be considered “competent” until they complete which task? a. They graduate and pass NCLEX. b. They have worked 2 to 3 years. c. Their last year of nursing school. d. They are actually hired . ANS: B N R I G B.C Benner’s model identifies five levels of proficiency: novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert. The student nurse progresses from novice to advanced beginner during nursing school and attains the competent level after approxi mately 2 to 3 years of work experience after graduation. To obtain the RN credential, a person must graduate from an approved school of nursing and pass a state licensing examination called the National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses ( NCLEX -RN) usually taken soon after completion of an approved nursing program. DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.7 TOP: Planning MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care NOT: Concepts: Care Coordination 6. The prospec tive student is considering options for beginning a career in nursing. Which degree would best match the student’s desire to conduct research at the university level? a. Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) b. Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) c. Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) d. Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing (PhD) ANS: D Doctoral nursing education can result in a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree. This degree prepares nurses for leadership roles in research, teaching, and administration that are essential to adva ncing nursing as a profession. Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) programs usually are conducted in a community college setting. The nursing curriculum focuses on adult acute and chronic disease; maternal/child health; pediatrics; and psychiatric/mental hea lth nursing. ADN RNs may return to school to earn a bachelor’s degree or higher in an RN -to-BSN or RN-to-MSN program. Bachelor’s degree programs include community health and management courses beyond t hUoseSproNvidTed in anOassociate degree program. A newer practice -focused doctoral degree is the Doctor of Nursing practice (DNP), which concentrates on the clinical aspects of nursing. DNP specialties include the four advanced practice roles of NP, CNS, CNM, and CRNA. DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.9 TOP: Assessm ent MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care NOT: Concepts: Care Coordination 7. During a staff meeting, the nurse manager announces that the hospital will be seeking Magnet status. To explain the requirements for this award, the nurse manager will contact which organization? a. American Nurses Association (ANA) b. American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) c. National League for Nursing (NLN) d. Joint Commission ANS: B The American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) awar ds Magnet Recognition to hospitals that have shown excellence and innovation in nursing. The ANA is a professional organization that provides standards of nursing practice. The National League for Nursing (NLN) outlines and updates competencies for practic al, associate, baccalaureate, and graduate nursing education programs. The Joint Commission is the accrediting organization for health care facilities in the United States.
